Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants
| Suspected CAD (n = 41) | No evidence of CAD (n = 29) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
60 ± 5 |
58 ± 6 |
0.237 |
| Male (n,%) |
19 (46.3) |
9 (31.0) |
0.149 |
| Body-mass index (kg/m2) |
25.7 ± 3.3 |
26.4 ± 3.6 |
0.468 |
| SBP (mmHg) |
131 ± 18 |
122 ± 17 |
0.066 |
| DBP(mmHg) |
74 ± 10 |
71 ± 8 |
0.305 |
| Diabetes duration (years) |
9.1 ± 7.1 |
8.7 ± 6.1 |
0.813 |
| Hypertension (n,%) |
29 (70.7) |
19 (65.5) |
0.418 |
| Dyslipidemia (n,%) |
18 (62.1) |
27 (65.9) |
0.47 |
| Family history of CAD (n,%) |
25 (61.0) |
17 (58.6) |
0.519 |
| Smoking Hx (n,%) |
|
|
|
| Never smoker |
29 (70.7) |
25 (86.2) |
|
| Ex-smoker |
4 (9.8) |
3 (10.3) |
|
| Current smoker |
8 (19.5) |
1 (3.4) |
|
| FPG (mg/dL) |
132 ± 46 |
136 ± 41 |
0.718 |
| PPG-2 hrs (mg/dL) |
219 ± 104 |
196 ± 90 |
0.331 |
| HbA1c (%) |
7.49 ± 1.24 |
7.14 ± 1.19 |
0.398 |
| GA (%) |
19.7 ± 6.8 |
18.4 ± 4.9 |
0.362 |
| hsCRP (mg/dL) |
2.75 ± 5.39 |
1.83 ± 2.23 |
0.335 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) |
175 ± 50 |
166 ± 43 |
0.414 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) |
100 ± 37 |
94 ± 39 |
0.585 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) |
45 ± 11 |
46 ± 12 |
0.745 |
| TG (mg/dL) |
130 ± 76 |
118 ± 44 |
0.41 |
| Postprandial TG (mg/dL) |
124 ± 60 |
112 ± 43 |
0.352 |
| HOMAIR |
5.25 ± 6.51 |
4.18 ± 3.10 |
0.364 |
| Framingham risk score (FRS) |
7.3 ± 5.6 |
5.2 ± 6.3 |
0.18 |
| CACS |
206 ± 342 |
3 ± 13 |
0.003 |
| Chemerin (ng/mL) |
201.3 ± 82.3 |
193.1 ± 75.9 |
0.674 |
| Omentin (ng/mL) |
104.4 ± 29.4 |
106.4 ± 23.5 |
0.767 |
| YKL-40 (ng/mL) |
148.6 ± 82.3 |
96.7 ± 73.0 |
0.013 |
| sCD26 (ng/mL) |
381.5 ± 399.4 |
332.0 ± 188.9 |
0.494 |
| Insulin (%) |
12 (29.3) |
9 (31.0) |
0.54 |
| Sulfonylurea (%) |
18 (43.9) |
14 (48.3) |
0.453 |
| Metformin (%) |
29 (70.7) |
24 (82.8) |
0.192 |
| Thiazolidinedione (%) |
12 (29.3) |
7 (24.1) |
0.423 |
| ARB or ACE inhibitors (%) |
26 (63.4) |
12 (41.4) |
0.057 |
| Calcium channer blockers (%) |
10 (24.4) |
6 (20.7) |
0.474 |
| Beta blockers (%) |
5 (12.2) |
2 (6.9) |
0.381 |
| Statins (%) | 22 (53.7) | 15 (51.7) | 0.533 |
DM, diabetes mellitus; CAD, coronary artery disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; PPG-2 hrs, postprandial plasma glucose-2 hrs; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; GA, glycated albumin; hsCRP, high-sensitive C-reactive protein; LDL, ligh-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides; HOMAIR, homeostasis model assessment– insulin resistance; CACS, coronary artery calcium score; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme.