Table 3.

Logistic regressions predicting substance use

Variable	Current smoking		Current drinking		Heavy episodic drinkinga		Marijuana useb
	Baseline	Covariates	Baseline	Covariates	Baseline	Covariates	Baseline	Covariates
Average income
Quartile 1 (ref.)	–	–	–	–	1.27	–	–	–
Quartile 2	0.63† [0.38, 1.06]	0.98 [0.56, 1.69]	1.22 [0.79, 1.89]	1.18 [0.76, 1.83]	1.27 [0.66, 2.47]	1.05 [0.53, 2.08]	1.18 [0.68, 2.03]	1.34 [0.76, 2.34]
Quartile 3	0.43* [0.24, 0.75]	0.92 [0.51, 1.66]	1.76* [1.09, 2.85]	1.69* [1.03, 2.76]	1.65 [0.87, 3.14]	1.14 [0.57, 2.29]	1.05 [0.61, 1.81]	1.31 [0.73, 2.35]
Quartile 4	0.26* [0.14, 0.47]	0.70 [0.37, 1.32]	2.34* [1.42, 3.86]	2.30* [1.34, 3.95]	2.29* [1.22, 4.30]	1.50 [0.73, 3.08]	1.93* [1.15, 3.24]	2.53* [1.39, 4.62]
Average wealth
Quartile 1 (ref.)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Quartile 2	0.85 [0.53, 1.38]	1.08 [0.64, 1.84]	1.19 [0.77, 1.83]	1.10 [0.70, 1.72]	2.17* [1.19, 3.95]	1.81† [0.97, 3.39]	1.09 [0.67, 1.77]	1.04 [0.62, 1.73]
Quartile 3	0.42* [0.25, 0.69]	0.73 [0.43, 1.24]	1.55† [1.00, 2.40]	1.43 [0.89, 2.28]	2.59* [1.41, 4.75]	2.09* [1.10, 3.98]	1.25 [0.74, 2.11]	1.35 [0.81, 2.24]
Quartile 4	0.36* [0.21, 0.60]	0.69 [0.39, 1.20]	2.04* [1.27, 3.26]	1.92* [1.15, 3.22]	3.37* [1.87, 6.08]	2.63* [1.39, 4.95]	1.92* [1.20, 3.08]	2.16* [1.32, 3.53]
Parental education
Less than high school (ref.)	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Completed high school	1.20 [0.71, 2.04]	1.46 [0.82, 2.62]	1.36 [0.86, 2.15]	1.32 [0.82, 2.11]	1.40 [0.74, 2.64]	1.35 [0.73, 2.52]	1.39 [0.81, 2.36]	1.45 [0.84, 2.48]
Some postsecondary	0.66 [0.39, 1.13]	1.02 [0.58, 1.80]	1.17 [0.74, 1.85]	1.12 [0.68, 1.82]	1.10 [0.60, 2.03]	0.91 [0.50, 1.65]	1.03 [0.59, 1.79]	1.14 [0.65, 2.01]
Completed college	0.38* [0.21, 0.69]	0.82 [0.42, 1.61]	1.88* [1.12, 3.16]	1.74† [0.98, 3.10]	1.88* [1.03, 3.41]	1.35 [0.71, 2.55]	1.34 [0.78, 2.31]	1.54 [0.85, 2.80]
Some postgraduate	0.20* [0.08, 0.51]	0.52 [0.20, 1.38]	3.25* [1.46, 7.20]	3.13* [1.39, 7.07]	3.36* [1.62, 6.97]	2.50* [1.17, 5.32]	2.07* [1.07, 3.98]	2.57* [1.25, 5.30]
p value
Income variables	.000	.575	.003	.009	.023	.476	.012	.004
Wealth variables	.000	.253	.017	.059	.001	.028	.018	.006
Parental education	.000	.110	.013	.028	.002	.030	.130	.078

Notes: Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals [reported in brackets] are shown, except for p value data. Baseline model includes controls for age, race, gender, parents’ marital status, parental age, and young adult education, employment, residence, and relationship social role statuses. P values are from F tests of joint significance of socioeconomic status indicators. Ref. = reference.

^aAt least four drinks (for women) or five drinks (for men) per occasion, 12 or more times per year

^breference period is the 12 months before the interview.

^†p < .10

^*p < .05.