. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2012 Apr 12;23(7):738–744. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.04.003

Table 1.

Genetic and Biochemical properties of mammalian superoxide dismutases

	CuZnSOD	MnSOD	EC-SOD
Gene designation (human/mouse)	SOD1/Sod1	SOD2/Sod2	SOD3/Sod3
Chromosome location (human/mouse)	HAS 21/MMU16	HAS 6/MMU 17	HAS 4/MMU 5
Polymorphisms/mutations	165 mutations to date¹	Val(−9)Ala and Ile(58)Thr [87–89]	Arg(213)Gly [90]
Disease caused by enzyme defects	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)	None	None
Metal co-factor(s)	Cu and Zn	Mn	Cu and Zn
Active form	dimer	tetramer	tetramer
Subcellular locations	Cytosol, intermembrane space of mitochondria, nucleus	Mitochondrial matrix	Extracellular matrix and circulation
Tissue distribution (from high to low)	Liver, kidney, brain, heart	Heart, brain, skeletal muscle	Blood vessels, lung, kidney, uterus
Post-translational modification	Nitration, phosphorylation, glutathiolation, glycation [91]	Acetylation, nitration, phosphorylation [91]	Glycosylation [92]