Table 2.
Estrogen Metabolites | Quartile rangea | All women | Non-Asian | Asian | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
%densityb | Ptrendc | N | %densityb | Ptrendc | N | %densityb | Ptrendc | ||
Total estrogen metabolites (pmol/mg creatinine) | 0.5–116.1 | 43.3 | 0.12 | 19 | 43.2 | 0.64 | 22 | 44.2 | 0.002 |
116.2–180.4 | 42.7 | 23 | 42.4 | 20 | 42.6 | ||||
180.8–265.6 | 44.7 | 31 | 42.3 | 20 | 49.8 | ||||
265.9–1538 | 44.3 | 40 | 41.0 | 11 | 55.4 | ||||
| |||||||||
Estrone (E1) (%) | 3.9 – 16.0 | 43.5 | 0.64 | 33 | 42.0 | 0.62 | 10 | 45.2 | 0.68 |
16.1 – 18.9 | 45.7 | 31 | 43.1 | 18 | 50.5 | ||||
19.0 – 23.9 | 43.0 | 29 | 42.4 | 20 | 44.2 | ||||
24.0 – 46.2 | 42.8 | 20 | 40.4 | 25 | 45.7 | ||||
| |||||||||
Estradiol (E2) (%) | 1.1 – 5.0 | 44.5 | 0.32 | 37 | 43.8 | 0.55 | 6 | 44.3 | 0.24 |
5.0 – 6.7 | 43.6 | 32 | 41.2 | 15 | 47.8 | ||||
6.7 – 9.0 | 43.8 | 28 | 41.1 | 25 | 47.7 | ||||
9.0 – 24.2 | 43.1 | 16 | 41.4 | 27 | 45.5 | ||||
| |||||||||
2-OH pathwayd (%) | 2.0 – 24.9 | 40.1 | 0.01 | 14 | 37.4 | 0.05 | 26 | 43.6 | 0.04 |
25.1 – 38.3 | 43.9 | 32 | 42.2 | 24 | 46.5 | ||||
38.3 – 49.5 | 45.4 | 30 | 42.2 | 12 | 51.1 | ||||
49.5 – 91.1 | 45.6 | 37 | 44.2 | 11 | 46.5 | ||||
| |||||||||
2-OHE1 (%) | 0.0 – 13.5 | 40.8 | 0.06 | 16 | 37.6 | 0.08 | 26 | 44.4 | 0.32 |
13.6 – 22.8 | 45.0 | 27 | 43.8 | 21 | 47.2 | ||||
22.8 – 32.8 | 44.3 | 34 | 42.3 | 15 | 48.3 | ||||
32.9 – 71.2 | 44.8 | 36 | 43.1 | 11 | 47.2 | ||||
| |||||||||
2-OHE2 (%) | 0.0 – 1.1 | 43.2 | 0.92 | 21 | 40.6 | 0.58 | 25 | 45.9 | 0.83 |
1.1 – 1.9 | 43.8 | 26 | 42.3 | 24 | 46.5 | ||||
1.9 – 3.2 | 43.6 | 36 | 41.7 | 10 | 47.6 | ||||
3.2 – 17.2 | 44.4 | 30 | 43.2 | 14 | 46.3 | ||||
| |||||||||
2-MeOE1 (%) | 0.0 – 5.4 | 41.8 | 0.07 | 20 | 40.1 | 0.43 | 23 | 43.8 | 0.03 |
5.4 – 8.5 | 44.9 | 30 | 43.7 | 15 | 46.4 | ||||
8.5 – 12.2 | 43.4 | 30 | 41.3 | 20 | 47.2 | ||||
12.3 – 79.5 | 45.0 | 33 | 42.7 | 15 | 49.1 | ||||
| |||||||||
2-OHE1-3-methyl ether (%) | 0.0 – 1.1 | 42.3 | 0.18 | 21 | 39.9 | 0.24 | 18 | 45.7 | 0.48 |
1.1 – 1.6 | 43.1 | 32 | 42.2 | 22 | 44.6 | ||||
1.6 – 2.1 | 45.1 | 35 | 43.5 | 15 | 47.3 | ||||
2.2 – 18.3 | 44.4 | 25 | 42.0 | 18 | 48.2 | ||||
| |||||||||
4-OH pathwaye (%) | 0.0 – 2.9 | 44.7 | 0.97 | 17 | 43.0 | 0.50 | 14 | 47.1 | 0.47 |
2.9 – 4.3 | 42.4 | 35 | 40.7 | 18 | 45.3 | ||||
4.4 – 6.4 | 42.9 | 34 | 41.6 | 19 | 44.7 | ||||
6.4 – 32.9 | 44.9 | 27 | 43.1 | 22 | 47.8 | ||||
| |||||||||
4-OHE1 (%) | 0.0 – 2.6 | 44.7 | 0.99 | 17 | 43.2 | 0.53 | 14 | 46.8 | 0.50 |
2.9 – 3.9 | 42.3 | 34 | 40.3 | 18 | 45.7 | ||||
4.0 – 6.0 | 43.7 | 33 | 42.5 | 22 | 45.4 | ||||
6.0 – 32.8 | 44.3 | 29 | 42.4 | 19 | 47.6 | ||||
| |||||||||
4-OHE2 (%) | 0.0 – 0.2 | 44.6 | 0.36 | 25 | 41.8 | 0.88 | 11 | 49.4 | 0.25 |
0.2 – 0.4 | 43.7 | 35 | 41.5 | 17 | 46.8 | ||||
0.4 – 0.5 | 44.1 | 28 | 44.4 | 26 | 44.5 | ||||
0.5 – 2.3 | 42.6 | 25 | 40.6 | 19 | 46.1 | ||||
| |||||||||
16α-OH pathwayf (%) | 2.8 – 18.1 | 46.1 | 0.01 | 32 | 44.2 | 0.07 | 11 | 49.5 | 0.04 |
18.2 – 26.1 | 44.9 | 29 | 43.6 | 19 | 46.9 | ||||
26.4 – 40.5 | 42.9 | 29 | 40.5 | 20 | 47.4 | ||||
40.5 – 81.4 | 41.1 | 23 | 39.0 | 23 | 43.2 | ||||
| |||||||||
16α-OHE1 (%) | 0.0 – 2.0 | 43.1 | 0.82 | 28 | 41.3 | 0.41 | 15 | 45.6 | 0.72 |
2.0 – 3.5 | 45.1 | 25 | 42.9 | 23 | 48.2 | ||||
3.5 – 5.6 | 43.0 | 32 | 42.4 | 16 | 44.7 | ||||
5.7 – 36.4 | 43.7 | 28 | 41.9 | 19 | 46.8 | ||||
| |||||||||
16-ketoE2 (%) | 0.3 - 2.4 | 44.2 | 0.54 | 32 | 41.3 | 0.99 | 15 | 49.6 | 0.32 |
2.4 – 3.6 | 43.8 | 31 | 42.7 | 16 | 45.9 | ||||
3.6 – 5.1 | 43.6 | 21 | 41.5 | 22 | 46.6 | ||||
5.1 – 11.4 | 43.4 | 29 | 42.7 | 20 | 44.5 | ||||
| |||||||||
Estriol (E3) (%) | 2.4 – 12.5 | 46.3 | 0.002 | 37 | 43.9 | 0.01 | 11 | 51.7 | 0.02 |
12.5 – 19.4 | 45.0 | 31 | 44.9 | 17 | 46.1 | ||||
19.5 – 28.4 | 43.2 | 21 | 41.0 | 23 | 46.0 | ||||
28.6 – 72.4 | 40.5 | 24 | 37.3 | 22 | 44.3 | ||||
| |||||||||
2/16α-OH ratio | 0.0 – 2.7 | 41.4 | 0.24 | 21 | 40.0 | 0.83 | 23 | 43.6 | 0.08 |
2.8 – 6.3 | 43.8 | 32 | 41.8 | 17 | 46.9 | ||||
6.4 – 13.9 | 45.7 | 28 | 43.7 | 22 | 48.6 | ||||
13.9 – 408.9 | 44.1 | 32 | 42.3 | 10 | 47.4 | ||||
| |||||||||
Testosterone (pmol/mg creatinine) | 0.0 – 1.6 | 43.8 | 0.25 | 14 | 41.6 | 0.07 | 32 | 46.8 | 0.91 |
1.6 – 6.1 | 45.4 | 28 | 44.3 | 20 | 46.9 | ||||
6.1 – 11.3 | 42.6 | 26 | 41.5 | 14 | 43.4 | ||||
11.3 – 234.2 | 43.2 | 45 | 41.1 | 7 | 48.9 | ||||
| |||||||||
Progesterone (pmol/mg creatinine) | 0.0 – 0.8 | 43.4 | 0.61 | 30 | 40.8 | 0.35 | 16 | 48.2 | 0.64 |
0.8 – 1.5 | 44.1 | 27 | 43.1 | 17 | 44.7 | ||||
1.5 – 2.2 | 43.7 | 30 | 41.8 | 12 | 47.6 | ||||
2.2 – 16.7 | 43.8 | 26 | 42.6 | 28 | 45.6 |
Minimum and maximum for each quartile; individual metabolites are expressed as % of total estrogen metabolites.
Adjusted means were obtained from least square means in mixed-effects regression models adjusted for randomization group, time, age, body mass index, Asian ethnicity, number of children, age at first live birth, alcohol intake, age at menarche, and family history of breast cancer.
P values for trend were calculated from mixed-effects regression models using log-transformed values of urinary estrogen metabolites (except for E1, 2-OHE1, and the 2-OH metabolites, which were normally distributed.
(2-OHE1 + 2-OHE2 + 2-MeOE1 + 2-OHE1-3-methyl ether)
(4-OHE2 + 4-OHE1)
(E3 + 16α-OHE1 + 16-ketoE2)