Table 2.

Mean Percent Density by Quartiles of Urinary Metabolites

Estrogen Metabolites	Quartile rangea	All women			Non-Asian			Asian
		%densityb	Ptrendc	N	%densityb	Ptrendc	N	%densityb	Ptrendc
Total estrogen metabolites (pmol/mg creatinine)	0.5–116.1	43.3	0.12	19	43.2	0.64	22	44.2	0.002
	116.2–180.4	42.7		23	42.4		20	42.6
	180.8–265.6	44.7		31	42.3		20	49.8
	265.9–1538	44.3		40	41.0		11	55.4
Estrone (E1) (%)	3.9 – 16.0	43.5	0.64	33	42.0	0.62	10	45.2	0.68
	16.1 – 18.9	45.7		31	43.1		18	50.5
	19.0 – 23.9	43.0		29	42.4		20	44.2
	24.0 – 46.2	42.8		20	40.4		25	45.7
Estradiol (E2) (%)	1.1 – 5.0	44.5	0.32	37	43.8	0.55	6	44.3	0.24
	5.0 – 6.7	43.6		32	41.2		15	47.8
	6.7 – 9.0	43.8		28	41.1		25	47.7
	9.0 – 24.2	43.1		16	41.4		27	45.5
2-OH pathwayd (%)	2.0 – 24.9	40.1	0.01	14	37.4	0.05	26	43.6	0.04
	25.1 – 38.3	43.9		32	42.2		24	46.5
	38.3 – 49.5	45.4		30	42.2		12	51.1
	49.5 – 91.1	45.6		37	44.2		11	46.5
2-OHE1 (%)	0.0 – 13.5	40.8	0.06	16	37.6	0.08	26	44.4	0.32
	13.6 – 22.8	45.0		27	43.8		21	47.2
	22.8 – 32.8	44.3		34	42.3		15	48.3
	32.9 – 71.2	44.8		36	43.1		11	47.2
2-OHE2 (%)	0.0 – 1.1	43.2	0.92	21	40.6	0.58	25	45.9	0.83
	1.1 – 1.9	43.8		26	42.3		24	46.5
	1.9 – 3.2	43.6		36	41.7		10	47.6
	3.2 – 17.2	44.4		30	43.2		14	46.3
2-MeOE1 (%)	0.0 – 5.4	41.8	0.07	20	40.1	0.43	23	43.8	0.03
	5.4 – 8.5	44.9		30	43.7		15	46.4
	8.5 – 12.2	43.4		30	41.3		20	47.2
	12.3 – 79.5	45.0		33	42.7		15	49.1
2-OHE1-3-methyl ether (%)	0.0 – 1.1	42.3	0.18	21	39.9	0.24	18	45.7	0.48
	1.1 – 1.6	43.1		32	42.2		22	44.6
	1.6 – 2.1	45.1		35	43.5		15	47.3
	2.2 – 18.3	44.4		25	42.0		18	48.2
4-OH pathwaye (%)	0.0 – 2.9	44.7	0.97	17	43.0	0.50	14	47.1	0.47
	2.9 – 4.3	42.4		35	40.7		18	45.3
	4.4 – 6.4	42.9		34	41.6		19	44.7
	6.4 – 32.9	44.9		27	43.1		22	47.8
4-OHE1 (%)	0.0 – 2.6	44.7	0.99	17	43.2	0.53	14	46.8	0.50
	2.9 – 3.9	42.3		34	40.3		18	45.7
	4.0 – 6.0	43.7		33	42.5		22	45.4
	6.0 – 32.8	44.3		29	42.4		19	47.6
4-OHE2 (%)	0.0 – 0.2	44.6	0.36	25	41.8	0.88	11	49.4	0.25
	0.2 – 0.4	43.7		35	41.5		17	46.8
	0.4 – 0.5	44.1		28	44.4		26	44.5
	0.5 – 2.3	42.6		25	40.6		19	46.1
16α-OH pathwayf (%)	2.8 – 18.1	46.1	0.01	32	44.2	0.07	11	49.5	0.04
	18.2 – 26.1	44.9		29	43.6		19	46.9
	26.4 – 40.5	42.9		29	40.5		20	47.4
	40.5 – 81.4	41.1		23	39.0		23	43.2
16α-OHE1 (%)	0.0 – 2.0	43.1	0.82	28	41.3	0.41	15	45.6	0.72
	2.0 – 3.5	45.1		25	42.9		23	48.2
	3.5 – 5.6	43.0		32	42.4		16	44.7
	5.7 – 36.4	43.7		28	41.9		19	46.8
16-ketoE2 (%)	0.3 - 2.4	44.2	0.54	32	41.3	0.99	15	49.6	0.32
	2.4 – 3.6	43.8		31	42.7		16	45.9
	3.6 – 5.1	43.6		21	41.5		22	46.6
	5.1 – 11.4	43.4		29	42.7		20	44.5
Estriol (E3) (%)	2.4 – 12.5	46.3	0.002	37	43.9	0.01	11	51.7	0.02
	12.5 – 19.4	45.0		31	44.9		17	46.1
	19.5 – 28.4	43.2		21	41.0		23	46.0
	28.6 – 72.4	40.5		24	37.3		22	44.3
2/16α-OH ratio	0.0 – 2.7	41.4	0.24	21	40.0	0.83	23	43.6	0.08
	2.8 – 6.3	43.8		32	41.8		17	46.9
	6.4 – 13.9	45.7		28	43.7		22	48.6
	13.9 – 408.9	44.1		32	42.3		10	47.4
Testosterone (pmol/mg creatinine)	0.0 – 1.6	43.8	0.25	14	41.6	0.07	32	46.8	0.91
	1.6 – 6.1	45.4		28	44.3		20	46.9
	6.1 – 11.3	42.6		26	41.5		14	43.4
	11.3 – 234.2	43.2		45	41.1		7	48.9
Progesterone (pmol/mg creatinine)	0.0 – 0.8	43.4	0.61	30	40.8	0.35	16	48.2	0.64
	0.8 – 1.5	44.1		27	43.1		17	44.7
	1.5 – 2.2	43.7		30	41.8		12	47.6
	2.2 – 16.7	43.8		26	42.6		28	45.6

^aMinimum and maximum for each quartile; individual metabolites are expressed as % of total estrogen metabolites.

^bAdjusted means were obtained from least square means in mixed-effects regression models adjusted for randomization group, time, age, body mass index, Asian ethnicity, number of children, age at first live birth, alcohol intake, age at menarche, and family history of breast cancer.

^cP values for trend were calculated from mixed-effects regression models using log-transformed values of urinary estrogen metabolites (except for E₁, 2-OHE₁, and the 2-OH metabolites, which were normally distributed.

^d(2-OHE₁ + 2-OHE₂ + 2-MeOE₁ + 2-OHE₁-3-methyl ether)

^e(4-OHE₂ + 4-OHE₁)

^f(E₃ + 16α-OHE₁ + 16-ketoE₂)