Table 3.

Range of agreement and bias normalized to the mean feature value as a function of the registration algorithm used to register the follow-up to the baseline CT scan. All features with nRoA ≤ 15% for at least one registration method are listed.

	Demons		B-splines		Affine		Rigid
	nRoA (%)	Bias (%)	nRoA (%)	Bias (%)	nRoA (%)	Bias (%)	nRoA (%)	Bias (%)
First-order features
Minimum	9.92	3.07	12.70	−3.62	8.17	1.18	8.26	1.13
Mean	7.56	0.01	16.91	−0.27	18.50	−0.36	19.76	−0.41
Median	7.28	−0.11	11.40	−0.44	11.83	−0.32	11.57	−0.37
Entropy (binned)	14.68	−3.86	19.47	−0.26	21.18	−1.74	22.92	−1.74
Entropy (unbinned)	10.33	−4.30	12.54	0.95	13.26	−1.85	14.34	−1.84
5% quantile	11.04	4.30	10.44	−0.07	11.33	2.45	11.37	2.39
30% quantile	7.49	1.37	9.73	−0.36	9.86	0.59	9.59	0.54
70% quantile	9.10	−1.50	19.03	−0.50	22.11	−1.13	24.02	−1.18
Fractal features
Box-counting dimension	11.80	−5.49	19.41	−0.41	21.22	−3.65	23.00	−3.68
Coarse dimension	14.64	−2.34	33.22	−0.06	37.35	−1.54	38.89	−1.62
Brownian dimension	4.50	−1.15	9.44	−0.09	12.15	−0.76	13.11	−0.77
Laws’ filter features
E5L5 entropy	10.79	−2.16	24.09	0.25	26.42	−1.44	30.02	−1.46
R5L5 entropy	14.41	−3.53	20.89	−0.74	22.09	−4.79	23.80	−4.79
S5L5 entropy	11.70	−3.26	24.83	0.22	27.34	−2.57	30.66	−2.58
W5L5 entropy	12.69	−4.05	22.31	−0.07	24.31	−3.84	26.77	−3.86
GLCM features
Difference average	11.47	0.19	13.98	−4.12	10.44	−0.90	10.73	−0.95
Sum of squares variance	1.47	−0.29	3.75	−0.01	4.43	−0.25	5.06	−0.24
Sum average	5.78	−1.27	12.51	1.35	12.75	−0.74	13.83	−0.75
Sum variance	11.67	−2.52	25.78	2.73	26.54	−1.46	28.83	−1.49
Mean nRoA	9.91		16.97		17.96		19.29
p1	…		1 × 10−5		4 × 10−5		3 × 10−5

¹Compared with mean nRoA for demons registration.