Table 4. Crude and adjusted HR (95% CI) for disability pension (DP) in total and for “early DP” granted in 1971–1990 and “late DP” granted in 1991–2008 in association with different characteristics of “risk use” of alcohol behaviors established at conscription in 1969–1970 among 38 899 Swedish male conscripts with information available on all variables in the table.
| DP in total | “Early DP” | “Late DP” | |
| Approximate age | 20–59 | 20–41 | 40–59 |
| Variables controlled for | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR 95% CI |
| Crude | |||
| - No “risk use” of alcohol (ref group) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| - “Risk use” of alcohol | 2.02 (1.89–2.17) | 2.89 (2.47–3.38) | 1.87 (1.74–2.02) |
| Adjusted for the sets of variables below (one set at the time) | |||
| Family background-related exposuresa | 1.88 (1.76–2.02) | 2.64 (2.25–3.10) | 1.75 (1.62–1.89) |
| School-related exposuresb | 1.94 (1.81–2.07) | 2.66 (2.27–3.12) | 1.81 (1.67–1.95) |
| Social and behavior exposuresc | 1.46 (1.35–1.58) | 1.81 (1.51–2.16) | 1.39 (1.28–1.52) |
| Physical and mental health at conscriptiond | 1.66 (1.55–1.78) | 1.93 (1.63–2.27) | 1.60 (1.48–1.73) |
| Psychological status and sociability at conscriptione | 1.51 (1.40–1.62) | 1.71 (1.45–2.01) | 1.46 (1.35–1.58) |
| Substance use at conscriptionf | 1.68 (1.56–1.80) | 2.37 (2.00–2.81) | 1.56 (1.44–1.69) |
| Model 1 g | 1.17 (1.08–1.27) | 1.32 (1.09–1.59) | 1.14 (1.05–1.25) |
| Model 2 h | 1.44 (1.34–1.55) | 1.61 (1.36–1.90) | 1.40 (1.29–1.51) |
| Model 3 i | 1.81 (1.69–1.94) | 2.46 (2.09–2.89) | 1.70 (1.57–1.83) |
Corresponds to father’s socioeconomic position, father’s drinking habits, and parental divorce.
Corresponds to truancy and remedial class.
Corresponds to contact with police and childcare authorities, ever run away from home, and being unemployed for more than 3 months after finishing school.
Corresponds to self-assessed health, medication to nervous problems, and any psychiatric diagnosis reported/detected at conscription.
Corresponds to emotional control, social maturity, and cognitive ability (IQ) assessed at conscription.
Corresponds to smoking, sniffing of solvents, and drug use reported at conscription.
Adjusted for all covariates in the table.
Adjusted for family background, school-related exposures and exposures related to psychological status and sociability.
Adjusted for family background and school-related exposures.