Figure 2. Preventive effects of berberine on the development of insulin resistance induced by HFD feeding in rats.

(A) FBG; (B) FINS; (C) HOMA-IR, calculated according to the formula fasting insulin (µU/mL)×fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5; (D) OGTT test; (E) ITT test. Curves of blood glucose levels and the calculated AUC (inner graph) are shown. Values are expressed as means ± standard error. Differences were assessed by ANOVA and denoted as follows: ^* P<0.05; ^NS not significant.