Table 7.
Multilevel logistic regression parameter estimates of HIV infection for significant interactions with sex of respondent
| Parameter | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed effects | |||
| Constant | −3.08 (0.305) | −3.12 (0.307) | −3.57 (0.304) |
| Sex of respondent (male) | |||
| female | −0.24 (0.109)* | −0.27 (0.114)* | −0.32 (0.094)* |
| Age group (40 + ) | |||
| 15–19 | −2.44 (0.088)* | −2.44 (0.088)* | −1.66 (0.110)* |
| 20–29 | −0.85 (0.050)* | −0.85 (0.050)* | −0.60 (0.056)* |
| 30–39 | 0.21 (0.044)* | 0.21 (0.044)* | 0.22 (0.045)* |
| Age group × sex | |||
| women: 15–19 | 1.01 (0.104)* | 1.02 (0.104)* | 0.91 (0.129)* |
| women: 20–29 | 0.97 (0.064)* | 0.97 (0.064)* | 0.91 (0.070)* |
| women: 30–39 | 0.30 (0.060)* | 0.30 (0.060)* | 0.38 (0.062)* |
| Education level (none) | |||
| primary | 0.09 (0.060) | 0.08 (0.061) | 0.04 (0.060) |
| secondary | 0.05 (0.065) | 0.03 (0.065) | 0.02 (0.064) |
| Education level × sex | |||
| women: primary | 0.18 (0.072)* | 0.18 (0.072)* | 0.21 (0.073)* |
| women: secondary | 0.04 (0.078) | 0.04 (0.079) | 0.11 (0.076) |
| Sex of household head (male) | |||
| female | 0.04 (0.055) | 0.04 (0.055) | 0.11 (0.057) |
| Sex of household head × sex | |||
| women: female hhhead | 0.50 (0.062)* | 0.49 (0.062)* | 0.06 (0.65) |
| Marital status (married) | |||
| never married | −0.34 (0.070)* | ||
| married; polygamous | 0.09 (0.083) | ||
| previously married | 0.71 (0.062)* | ||
| Marital status *sex | |||
| women: never married | 0.70 (0.079)* | ||
| women: married; polyg. | 0.21 (0.095)* | ||
| women: previously married | 0.39 (0.072)* | ||
| Age at first marriage (20 + ) | |||
| <16 yrs | 0.32 (0.137)* | ||
| 16–17 | 0.03 (0.191) | ||
| 18–19 | 0.18 (0.066)* | ||
| Age at first marriage × sex | |||
| women: <16 yrs | −0.39 (0.145)* | ||
| women: 16–17 | −0.22 (0.110)* | ||
| women: 18–19 | −0.35 (0.079)* | ||
| Age at first sex (20 + ) | |||
| Never had sex | −0.31 (0.110)* | ||
| <16 yrs | 0.06 (0.058) | ||
| 16–17 | 0.18 (0.054)* | ||
| 18–19 | 0.10 (0.051)* | ||
| Age at first sex × sex | |||
| female: never had sex | −0.94 (0.140)* | ||
| women: <16 yrs | 0.20 (0.077)* | ||
| women: 16–17 | 0.10 (0.072) | ||
| women: 18–19 | 0.11 (0.069) | ||
| Random variances | |||
| Region constant | 0.15 (0.022)* | 0.15 (0.022)* | 0.14 (0.021)* |
| Country constant | 1.57 (0.511)* | 1.58 (0.514* | 1.59 (0.516)* |
| Country sex | 0.02 (0.012) | 0.02 (0.012) | 0.03 (0.013)* |
| Country constant × sex | −0.14 (0.065)* | −0.14 (0.067)* | −0.16 (0.070)* |
*
Statistical significance at 5% level P < 0.05; $ no condom use at last sex, with non-spousal partner.
hhhead, head of household; polyg., polygamous.
Model 1 controlling for urban/rural residence, household wealth and religion, beside shown background factors;
Model 2 controlling for background factors plus HIV/AIDS awareness; and
Model 3 controlling for background factors, HIV/AIDS awareness, and sexual behaviour (including premarital sex, risky sexual behaviour and multiple sex partners, all of which are not shown since interactions with sex are not significant).