Table 1.

Mean histological scores (both total and stratified by neurologic region) for animals who underwent either 2 hour HCA, 1 hour HCA, or CPB alone.

Brain Region	Potential Score for region	2 Hour HCA (n=7) (historical controls)	1 Hour HCA (n=3)	CPB alone (n=3)	P value*
Necrosis Total	55	2.7 (±1.6) (5% necrosis)	3 (±2) (5.5% necrosis)	0.33 (±0.6) (0.75% necrosis)	0.1
Apoptosis Total	44	4.7 (±1.7) †,§ (11% apoptosis)	1.7 (±1.6) (4% apoptosis)	0.33 (±0.6) (0.75% apoptosis)	0.002
Notable Regions
Parietal Cortex
Necrosis	5	0.1 (±0.4) (2% necrosis)	0.3 (±0.6) (6% necrosis)	0 (±0) (0% necrosis)	0.6
Apoptosis	4	0.3 (±0.5) (7.5% apoptosis)	0.3 (±0.6) (7.5% apoptosis)	0 (±0) (0% apoptosis)	0.6
Basal Ganglia
Necrosis	5	1 (±0) † (20% necrosis)	0.7 (±0.6) † (14% necrosis)	0 (±0) (0% necrosis)	<0.001
Apoptosis	4	0.2 (±0.4) (5% apoptosis)	0 (±0) (0% apoptosis)	0 (±0) (0% apoptosis)	0.65
Hippocampus
Necrosis	10	0.3 (±0.5) (3% necrosis)	0.7 (±0.6) (7% necrosis)	0.3 (±0.6) (3% necrosis)	0.6
Apoptosis	8	2.7 (±0.5) †,§ (34% apoptosis)	1.3 (±0.6) (16% apoptosis)	0.3 (±0.6) (4% apoptosis)	<0.001
Cerebellum
Necrosis	15	0.4 (±1.6) (3% necrosis)	0.5 (±1.5) (5.5% necrosis)	0 (±0) (0% necrosis)	0.6
Apoptosis	12	0.3 (±0.5) (3% apoptosis)	0.3 (±0.6) (4% apoptosis)	0.3 (±0.6) (4% apoptosis)	0.4

^*P value corresponds to results from one way ANOVA.

^†significantly different from reference (CPB) on post hoc pairwise comparisons using Tukey Kramer method

^§significantly different from 1H HCA on post hoc pairwise comparisons using Tukey Kramer method