Table 1.

The BIPED classification.

Burden of disease (B)	Burden-of-disease markers assess the severity or extent of disease, typically at a single point in time, among individuals with a certain disease.
Investigative (I)	An investigative marker lacks sufficient information to allow its inclusion in one of the existing biomarker categories.
Prognostic (P)	The key feature of a prognostic marker is the ability to predict the future onset of a disease.
Efficacy of intervention (E)	Information about the efficacy of treatment among persons with a certain disease or those at high risk for its development.
Diagnostic (D)	Diagnostic markers are defined by the ability to classify individuals as either having or not having a disease.

Extracted from Bauer et al.¹²⁴