Figure 6.

Morphine treatment increases kidney weight and urine albumin. (A) Kidney: body weight ratio of NY1DD, hBERK1, and BERK mice treated with morphine as indicated. (B) NY1DD mice were treated with morphine for 3 weeks. Urine was collected before beginning treatment and periodically following treatment.

Notes: Arrow indicates the start of morphine treatment. Morphine treatment showed a highly significant increase in urinary albumin excretion after one day of treatment, which was sustained throughout the 3-week treatment period as compared to baseline values before beginning treatment. BL refers to baseline measurements obtained before starting morphine treatment. *P < 0.001 or ^¶P < 0.01, compared with BL. N = 6 mice (3 females and 3 males).

Abbreviations: MS, morphine sulfate; Nal, naloxone.