Table IV.
Impaired psychological well-being, symptoms past three months, and personal future view (n = 10 755).
| Diseases |
||||
| COPD n = 526 | RA n = 1120 | DM n = 2149 | Healthy n = 6960 | |
| GHQ12 | ||||
| Impaired well-being (score ≥ 3) | 23.3 | 22.6 | 13.3 | 6.8 |
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1 | 0.71 (0.54–0.94) | 0.48 (0.36–0.63) | 0.18 (0.14–0.24) |
| Symptoms past three months | ||||
| Anxiety and worry | ||||
| Many occasions/all the time | 26.3 | 23.3 | 13.7 | 5.9 |
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1 | 0.61 (0.46–0.81) | 0.48 (0.36–0.63) | 0.17 (0.13–0.23) |
| Fatigue | ||||
| Many occasions/all the time | 49.6 | 51.7 | 31.9 | 8.4 |
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1 | 0.91 (0.71–1.16) | 0.49 (0.39–0.61) | 0.10 (0.08–0.13) |
| Sleeping problems | ||||
| Many occasions/all the time | 35.8 | 41.5 | 24.5 | 10.5 |
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1 | 1.12 (0.88–1.43) | 0.66 (0.52–0.84) | 0.26 (0.21–0.33) |
| Depression | ||||
| Many occasions/all the time | 26.1 | 21.8 | 12.7 | 4.0 |
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1 | 0.59 (0.44–0.78) | 0.46 (0.35–0.61) | 0.13 (0.10–0.18) |
| “Personal opinion on your future” | ||||
| Pessimistic | 19.8 | 12.1 | 8.3 | 2.1 |
| OR1 (95% CI) | 1 | 0.47 (0.32–0.68) | 0.36 (0.25–0.51) | 0.09 (0.06–0.12) |
Notes: Data are presented as percentage with odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals within parentheses. COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, RA = rheumatoid arthritis, DM = diabetes mellitus, GHQ12 = General Health Questionnaire 12-item version, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval. 1The adjusted odds ratio expresses the likeliness of reporting a problem in the non-COPD groups compared with the COPD group after adjusting for sex, age, smoking, BMI, educational level, employment status, economic problems, and living alone.