Table 1. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and health-seeking behaviour among those undergoing screening.
| Variables | Total (n = 1,130) | HIV− (n = 534) | Newly Diagnosed HIV+ (n = 288) | Known HIV+ (n = 239) |
| Socio-demographic ( n = 1,130) | ||||
| Median (IQR) age (y) | 35.9 (27.9–45.7) | 40.2 (29.2–50.0) | 33.4 (26.4–40.9) | 33.5 (28.2–40.8) |
| n (%) male gender | 406 (35.9%) | 261 (48.9%) | 96 (33.3%) | 49 (15.9%) |
| Smoking a | ||||
| n (%) never | 656 (58.2%) | 224 (42.0%) | 197 (68.6%) | 235 (76.6%) |
| n (%) stopped | 13 (1.2%) | 8 (1.5%) | 2 (0.7%) | 3 (1.0%) |
| n (%) currently | 458 (40.6%) | 301 (56.5%) | 88 (30.7%) | 69 (22.5%) |
| Alcohol consumption b | ||||
| n (%) never | 644 (57.2%) | 280 (52.7%0 | 160 (55.6%) | 204 (66.5%) |
| n (%) once per week | 229 (20.3%) | 98 (18.5%) | 67 (23.3%) | 64 (20.9%) |
| n (%) 2–3 times per week | 190 (16.9%) | 108 (20.3%) | 52 (18.1%) | 30 (9.8%) |
| n (%) every day | 63 (5.6%) | 45 (8.5%) | 9 (3.1%) | 9 (2.9%) |
| Current relationship c | ||||
| n (%) single | 677 (60.0%) | 296 (55.4%) | 184 (63.9%) | 197 (64.4%) |
| n (%) partner | 377 (33.4%) | 199 (37.3%) | 85 (29.5%) | 93 (30.4%) |
| n (%) divorced | 22 (2.0%) | 15 (2.8%) | 4 (1.4%) | 3 (1.0%) |
| n (%) widowed | 52 (4.6%) | 24 (4.5%) | 15 (5.25) | 13 (4.3%) |
| n (%) regular income | 985 (87.3%) | 472 (88.2%) | 239 (83.0%) | 275 (89.6%) |
| Source of income | ||||
| n (%) government grants | 259 (26.5%) | 121 (26.0%) | 40 (16.7%) | 98 (35.8%) |
| n (%) casual work | 375 (38.3%) | 184 (39.5%) | 96 (40.2%) | 95 (34.7%) |
| n (%) regular work | 345 (35.3%) | 161 (34.6%) | 103 (43.1%) | 81 (29.6%) |
| Median (IQR) income per month (ZAR) | 1,000 (400–1,200) | 1,000 (400–1,200) | 870 (280–1,200) | 960 (400–1,120) |
| Level of schooling | ||||
| n (%) none | 45 (4.00) | 29 (5.4%) | 6 (2.1%) | 10 (3.3%) |
| n (%) less than 8 y | 369 (32.7%) | 218 (41.0%) | 84 (29.2%) | 67 (21.8%) |
| n (%) 8–11 y | 465 (41.3%) | 192 (36.1%) | 122 (42.4%) | 151 (49.2%) |
| n (%) finished high school | 159 (14.1%) | 49 (9.2%) | 52 (18.1%) | 58 (18.9%) |
| n (%) tertiary education | 89 (7.9%) | 44 (8.3%) | 24 (8.3%) | 21 (6.8%) |
| n (%) participant ever having been imprisoned | 159 (14.1%) | 92 (17.2%) | 39 (13.5%) | 28 (9.1%) |
| n (%) participant living in informal settlement d | 712 (63.1%) | 304 (57.0%) | 207 (71.9%) | 201 (65.3%) |
| Clinical ( n = 1,130) | ||||
| n (%) diabetes | 48 (4.3%) | 36 (6.8%) | 3 (1.1%) | 9 (2.9%) |
| Median (IQR) BMI | 24.4 (21.4–29.4) | 22.7 (20.2–27.4) | 25.1 (22.2–30.1) | 26.5 (23.3–30.9) |
| Median (IQR) current CD4 count (cells/µl) e | NA | NA | 434 (316–617) | 403 (288–570) |
| n (%) currently on ART f | NA | NA | NA | 120 (39.0%) |
| Median (IQR) time on ART (y) | NA | NA | NA | 3.1 (1.1–6.5) |
| Previous TB episode | ||||
| n (%) none | 845 (74.8%) | 402 (75.3%) | 247 (85.8%) | 196 (63.6%) |
| n (%) one | 247 (21.9%) | 115 (21.5%) | 37 (12.9%) | 95 (30.8%) |
| n (%) more than one | 38 (3.4%) | 17 (3.2%) | 4 (1.4%) | 17 (5.5%) |
| n (%) TB within the last 2 y | 133 (11.8%) | 60 (11.2%) | 15 (5.2%) | 58 (18.8%) |
| n (%) TB household contact | 240 (21.2%) | 121 (22.7%) | 63 (21.9%) | 56 (18.2%) |
| Symptoms | ||||
| n (%) cough | 707 (62.6%) | 450 (84.3%) | 124 (43.1%) | 133 (43.2%) |
| n (%) haemoptysis | 126 (11.2%) | 94 (17.6%) | 14 (4.9%) | 18 (5.8%) |
| n (%) fever | 119 (10.5%) | 75 (14.0%) | 21 (7.3%) | 23 (7.47%) |
| n (%) night sweats | 628 (55.6%) | 395 (74.0%) | 115 (39.9%) | 118 (38.3%) |
| n (%) weight loss | 458 (40.5%) | 284 (53.2%) | 78 (27.1%) | 96 (31.2%) |
| n (%) positive symptom screen | 838 (74.2%) | 497 (93.1%) | 160 (55.6%) | 162 (52.6%) |
| Health seeking behaviour ( n = 821) | ||||
| n (%) sought medical care | 170 (20.7%) | 112 (23.0%) | 19 (11.6%) | 39 (23.1%) |
| n (%) sputum sample sent by the clinic | 105 (61.8%) | 69 (61.6%) | 10 (52.6%) | 26 (66.7%) |
| n (%) CXR performed by the clinic | 54 (31.8%) | 35 (31.3%) | 4 (21.1%) | 15 (38.5%) |
a
3 missing values.
b
4 missing values.
c
2 missing values.
d
1 missing value.
e
30 missing values.
f
18 missing values.
BMI, body mass index; CXR, chest X-ray.