Knockdown of KLF4 increased the proliferation of VSMCs. VSMCs were transfected with KLF4 siRNAs (siKLF4-1416 or siKLF4-298) or control siRNA (100 nM each) for 48 h. KLF4 expression level was assessed with qRT-PCR (A) and Western blotting (B). (C) Synchronized VSMCs were transfected with two independent siRNA, siKLF4-1416 or siKLF4-298, and harvested for cell cycle analysis 24 h after serum stimulation with flow cytometry. (D) SMCs were transfected with KLF4 siRNA (siKLF4-1416) or control siRNA for 48 h and then were stimulated with PDGF-BB with indicated times. Total protein lysate was immunoblotted with antibodies against mTOR, p70S6K, 4EBP1 and their phosphorylated forms. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, significantly different from siRNA control group.