Table 5.
Iron status in mothers with possible PPD and non-PPD in the confirmatory samplea.
| EPDS | 24–48 hours | 6 weeks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Possible PPD | Non-PPD | P b | Possible PPD | Non-PPD | P b | |
| Mid pregnancy | (n = 136) | (n = 418) | (n = 99) | (n = 389) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Hemoglobin g/L | 121.2 ± 9.5 | 121.5 ± 9.9 | 0.76 | 120.5 ± 9.6 | 121.3 ± 10.3 | 0.49 |
| MCV, fl | 85.2 ± 3.6 | 85.1 ± 5.1 | 0.77 | 85.6 ± 3.5 | 85.1 ± 5.2 | 0.41 |
| ZPP, μmol molc | 58.5 ± 39.9 | 54.2 ± 29.2 | 0.41d | 61.0 ± 42.7 | 56.5 ± 29.8 | 0.32 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 41.4 ± 32.5 | 41.5 ± 35.8 | 0.84e | 43.7 ± 30.9 | 42.9 ± 36.9 | 0.83e |
| sTfR, nmol/L | 15.4 ± 4.6 | 15.7 ± 5.5 | 0.52d–g | 14.3 ± 3.8 | 15.9 ± 5.7 | 0.02e–g,i |
| sTfR Index | 11.8 ± 8.2 | 11.8 ± 7.7 | 0.82f,g | 10.5 ± 6.5 | 11.9 ± 7.8 | 0.12g |
|
| ||||||
| Late pregnancy | (n = 134) | (n = 413) | (n = 96) | (n = 384) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Hemoglobin g/L | 113.9 ± 9.7 | 115.0 ± 10.0 | 0.27e | 114.0 ± 9.2 | 114.4 ± 10.0 | 0.73 |
| MCV, fl | 84.6 ± 3.9 | 84.9 ± 4.9 | 0.56 | 85.4 ± 3.8 | 84.7 ± 4.8 | 0.15 |
| ZPP, μmol molc | 88.4 ± 41.1 | 88.5 ± 45.4 | 0.98 | 91.1 ± 47.8 | 91.9 ± 44.9 | 0.89 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 14.8 ± 16.5 | 13.7 ± 12.8 | 0.61 | 14.3 ± 11.3 | 14.0 ± 14.6 | 0.87 |
| sTfR, nmol/L | 29.4 ± 9.7 | 31.0 ± 10.9 | 0.11 | 30.0 ± 10.2 | 30.9 ± 10.8 | 0.50 |
| sTfR Index | 30.2 ± 14.4 | 32.5 ± 17.9 | 0.20 | 31.6 ± 16.9 | 32.3 ± 17.5 | 0.72 |
|
| ||||||
| 3-days postpartum | (n = 69) | (n = 195) | (n = 44) | (n = 204) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Hemoglobin g/L | 103.3 ± 12.2 | 104.6 ± 10.8 | 0.62e | 103.5 ± 11.2 | 104.5 ± 11.4 | 0.51e |
| MCV, fl | 77.6 ± 11.7 | 79.3 ± 6.7 | 0.07h | 77.2 ± 12.0 | 79.4 ± 6.6 | 0.09h |
a n varies slightly due to occasional missing data for some measures. Values are unadjusted means ± SD.
b P values are based on GLM analyses controlling for significant covariates as indicated by d–h.
cAt 24–48 hours, ZPP values in mid pregnancy are available for 330 subjects, 70 possible PPD and 250 non-PPD, and for late pregnancy are available for 442 subjects, 101 possible PPD and 341 non-PPD. At 6 weeks, ZPP values in mid pregnancy are available for 268 subjects, 60 possible PPD and 208 non-PPD, and for late pregnancy are available for 378 subjects, 78 possible PPD, and 300 non-PPD.
dMaternal education, ebirth weight, fmaternal age, ggestational age, and hannual income were significant covariates.
iNote that the direction of effect is higher sTfR (worse iron status) in the non-PPD group.