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. 2012 Jul 29;2012:892943. doi: 10.1155/2012/892943

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects ofBPTS on LPS-induced production of NO (a), PGE2 (b) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α (c) and IL-6 (d)) in Raw 264.7 macrophages. Cells (5 × 105 cells/mL) were treated with various concentrations (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/mL) of BPTS for 1 h, followed by continuous incubation with LPS (1 μg/mL) for the next 20 h. Concentrations of NO, PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines in culture medium were monitored as described in the methods section. Viability of cells exposed to BPTS was measured using the MTT assay (e). Effects of BPTS on LPS-induced NF-κB-dependent luciferase activity (f). Transfected cells (5 × 105 cells/mL) were incubated for 16 h and pretreated with different concentrations (0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/mL) of BPTS for 1 h, followed by stimulation with 1 μg/mL LPS for 20 h. Following lysis of cells, luciferase activity was determined using the Promega luciferase assay system and a luminometer. Data represent the mean ± S.D. from three separate experiments. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, significant compared with vehicle-treated control; ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001, significant compared with LPS alone.