Detailed phenotypic analysis of HIV p24-tetramer+ CD4 T cells. A, Cells from patient AC20 (time point 4.8 years) were analyzed by five-color FACS analysis using the DRB1*0101 p24-4 tetramer (Tet) and either Abs to CD27 and CD28 or Abs to the IL-7R and CD57. The majority of tetramer+ cells were IL-7Rlow or IL-7R−, and the majority of cells were also CD57−. B, Cells from patient AC15 (time point 6.5 years) were analyzed by five-color FACS analysis, which included the DRB5*0101 p24-4 tetramer and either Abs to CD27 and CD28 or Abs to CD45RA and CCR7. The vast majority of tetramer+ CD4 T cells in this patient were CD28+, CD45RA−, and CCR7−. The majority of tetramer+ cells were also negative for CD27 or CD27low. These cells therefore have the characteristics of an effector memory T cell population.