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. 2004 Jan 26;4:3. doi: 10.1186/1471-2377-4-3

Table 3.

Clinical differences between Alzheimer patients with "closing-in" and without "closing-in" phenomenon (mean ± standard deviation).

Variables Closing-in(-) (N = 38) Closing-in(+) (N = 41) Deformed (N = 19) p-value*
Sex Male 12 15 6 0.875
 Female 26 26 13
Education(year) 8.20 ± 5.17 7.39 ± 5.13 6.89 ± 5.35 0.240
Age at onset ≤ 65 7 9 6 0.322
 >65 31 32 13
Apolipoprotein E 4 ≥ 1 4 4 5 0.827
 E 4 < 1 10 13 10
Symptom duration (month) 31.2 ± 23.4 30.8 ± 23.0 42.4 ± 21.9 0.202
MMSE** 17.31 ± 5.03 14.83 ± 5.07 8.89 ± 3.80 0.000
GDS 15.64 ± 7.17 17.62 ± 7.67 13.85 ± 8.17 0.378
Barthel index*** 18.38 ± 4.42 17.89 ± 3.57 14.37 ± 5.66 0.008
CDR*** 1.49 ± 0.70 1.68 ± 0.70 2.42 ± 0.61 0.000
ROCFT** 18.13 ± 9.40 9.56 ± 9.01 1.90 ± 1.71 0.000

* Statistical test was done by discriminant function analysis ** Statistical significance was found among study groups ***Statistical significance was found between patients with "closing-in" and deformed. MMSE; Korean Mini-Mental State Examination GDS; geriatric depression scale CDR; clinical dementia rating scale ROCFT; Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test Apoprotein E allele was not checked in all cases.

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