Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin J Pain. 2012 Sep;28(7):561–566. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e31823ade59

Table 3.

OR (95% CI) from multivariable logistic regression predicting wanting to stop or cut down opioid use.

Variable Odds Ratio (95% CI) Overall p-value
PHQ-8

   0–4 (reference)

  5–9

  10+


1.0

1.4 (0.9, 2.2)

1.98 (1.3, 3.1)
0.009
Sex

  Male (reference)

  Female
1.01 (0.7, 1.4) 0.93
Age 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) 0.003
BMI 0.99 (0.98, 1.01 0.39
Education

  8th grade or less

  Some HS

  HS Grad or GED

  Some voc/trade

  Some college

  College grad

  Post 4-yr college

  (reference)
0.55 (0.12, 2.6)

0.78 (0.38, 1.63)

0.65 (0.36, 1.2)

0.9 (0.43, 1.9)

0.64 (0.37, 1.09)

0.61 (0.33, 1.12)

1.0
0.61
Mean days with pain in prior 6 months 1.0 (0.995, 1.002) 0.43
Average pain intensity 0.99 (0.92, 1.08) 0.86
Survey site

  KPNC

  GH (reference)

1.6 (1.2, 2.1)

1.0
0.003
Pain Impact score 1.0 (0.96, 1.08) 0.64
Self-report Drug or

Alcohol Problem

  No (reference)

  Yes




1.0

0.96 (0.68, 1.37)
0.83
Charlson score 0.99 (0.91, 1.1) 0.79
Opioid type

  Predominantly SA

  Predominantly LA

    (reference)
1.14 (0.78, 1.7)

1.0
0.50
Dose

   120+

50–< 120

20–< 50

< 20 (reference)


1.35 (0.8, 2.27)

1.47 (0.92, 2.3)

1.34 (0.85, 2.1)

1.0
0.42