Table 1.
Demographic and Baseline Characteristics of the Studied ACS Patients Stratified by Metabolic Syndrome Status (n = 1259).
| Variable | MetS (n = 851) | Non-MetS (n = 408) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 52±11 | 52±12 | 0.626 |
| Male | 735 (86.4%) | 383 (93.9%) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, mean ± SD, cm | 93±16 | 82±16 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, mean ± SD, kg/m2 | 27.4± 4.5 | 24.6±3.5 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 435 (51.1%) | 154 (37.7%) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 311 (36.5%) | 134 (32.8%) | 0.208 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 388 (45.6%) | 99 (24.3)% | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (including sheesha) | 413 (48.5%) | 218 (53.4%) | 0.105 |
| Family history of CAD | 152 (17.9%) | 65 (15.9%) | 0.426 |
| Prior angina or MI | 301 (35.4%) | 145 (35.5%) | 0.950 |
| Past PCI or CABG | 122 (14.3%) | 59 (14.5%) | 1.000 |
| COPD | 29 (3.4%) | 10 (2.5%) | 0.391 |
| History of stroke | 27 (3.2%) | 24 (5.9%) | 0.031 |
| PAD | 20 (2.4%) | 12 (2.9%) | 0.568 |
|
ACS diagnosis: Non-STEMI STEMI LBBB MI UA |
196 (23.1%) 363 (42.8%) 4 (0.5%) 228 (26.9%) |
86 (21.2%) 185 (45.6%) 4 (1.0%) 94 (23.2%) |
0.095 |
| ST deviation | 655 (77.1%) | 301 (74.3%) | 0.289 |
| Renal impairment | 92 (10.9%) | 41 (10.3%) | 0.769 |
| Killip Class II, III, IV | 163 (19.2%) | 77 (19%) | 1.000 |
| Fasting blood glucose, (mmol/l) | 11.3±10.3 | 10.7±18.8 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, (mmol/l) | 4.7±1.5 | 4.3±1.6 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C, (mmol/l) | 3.3±1.3 | 3.1±1.4 | 0.045 |
| HDL-C, (mmol/l) | 1±0.5 | 1.2±0.7 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride, (mmol/l) | 2.3±1.6 | 1.9±1.9 | 0.001 |
MetS = metabolic syndrome; SD = standard deviation; CAD = coronary artery disease; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG = coronary artery bypass surgery; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PAD = peripheral arterial disease; Non-STEMI = non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; LBBB = left bundle branch block; UA = unstable angina; LDL-C= low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C= high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.