Table 3.

Immediate results with intention-to-treat analysis using mixed-effect model estimated means (ES) (n = 57), observed means (OM) (n = 50 for the main outcome measure^a and n = 49 for the secondary outcome measures), and standard deviation (observed) at pre- and posttreatment for the measures of panic, anxiety, depression, and quality of life.

Measure	Time	Group	Age group	ES	OM	SD	95% confidence interval
PDSSa	Pre	Treatment	Total	12.54	12.75	4.95	10.62–14.47
			Young adults	12.46	13.17	4.97	9.60–15.32
			Adults	12.63	12.33	5.12	10.05–15.21
		Control	Total	13.71	13.77	5.25	11.74–15.68
			Young adults	13.67	13.67	6.79	10.69–16.65
			Adults	13.75	13.86	3.74	11.17–16.33
	Post	Treatment	Total	6.39	6.54	4.97	4.30–8.48
			Young adults	5.57	6.08	4.03	2.55–8.60
			Adults	7.21	7.00	5.91	4.33–10.09
		Control	Total	13.79	13.81	5.49	11.71–15.85
			Young adults	14.00	14.00	6.58	10.92–17.09
			Adults	13.57	13.64	4.62	10.80–16.33
CORE-OMb	Pre	Treatment	Total	1.69	1.69	0.60	1.51–1.87
			Young adults	1.65	1.60	0.61	1.38–1.91
			Adults	1.73	1.78	0.59	1.49–1.97
		Control	Total	1.83	1.83	0.39	1.65–2.02
			Young adults	1.84	1.84	0.43	1.56–2.12
			Adults	1.83	1.82	0.37	1.59–2.07
	Post	Treatment	Total	1.14	1.13	0.56	0.92–1.36
			Young adults	0.96	0.93	0.44	0.65–1.27
			Adults	1.32	1.36	0.60	1.01–1.63
		Control	Total	1.69	1.69	0.53	1.49–1.89
			Young adults	1.65	1.65	0.68	1.35–1.96
			Adults	1.72	1.72	0.40	1.46–1.99
BAIc	Pre	Treatment	Total	28.20	28.43	10.06	24.94–31.46
			Young adults	29.15	28.36	11.64	24.31–34.00
			Adults	27.25	28.50	8.63	22.88–31.62
		Control	Total	27.97	27.50	8.91	24.63–31.31
			Young adults	31.25	31.25	10.15	26.21–36.29
			Adults	24.69	24.69	6.92	20.32–29.06
	Post	Treatment	Total	17.89	17.86	8.50	14.16–21.63
			Young adults	15.21	14.82	4.69	9.98–20.45
			Adults	20.58	21.20	10.60	15.25–25.90
		Control	Total	23.03	23.04	9.38	19.65–26.42
			Young adults	23.00	23.00	12.09	17.89–28.12
			Adults	23.06	23.06	7.16	18.63–27.49
MADRS-Sd	Pre	Treatment	Total	16.24	15.81	7.35	13.38–19.11
			Young adults	15.92	15.00	8.05	11.67–20.18
			Adults	16.56	16.70	6.80	12.73–20.40
		Control	Total	18.13	17.93	8.38	15.20–21.05
			Young adults	19.50	19.50	7.48	15.07–23.93
			Adults	16.75	16.75	9.06	12.92–20.58
	Post	Treatment	Total	11.44	11.10	6.65	8.34–14.54
			Young adults	10.57	9.91	4.37	6.14–15.01
			Adults	12.30	12.40	8.57	7.96–16.64
		Control	Total	16.82	16.93	8.47	13.89–19.76
			Young adults	16.08	16.08	8.10	11.65–20.52
			Adults	17.56	17.56	8.94	13.72–21.40
QOLIe	Pre	Treatment	Total	0.83	0.96	1.92	0.18–1.48
			Young adults	0.93	1.08	2.44	–0.04–1.90
			Adults	0.72	0.83	1.25	–0.15–1.60
		Control	Total	0.74	0.76	1.68	0.08–1.41
			Young adults	0.64	0.64	1.90	–0.37–1.65
			Adults	0.84	0.84	1.55	–0.03–1.72
	Post	Treatment	Total	1.56	1.67	1.47	0.93–2.20
			Young adults	1.95	2.06	1.44	1.04–2.86
			Adults	1.17	1.24	1.46	0.28–2.05
		Control	Total	0.71	0.70	1.70	0.10–1.31
			Young adults	0.76	0.76	1.69	–0.15–1.68
			Adults	0.65	0.65	1.76	–0.14–1.44

^a Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS).

^b Clinical Outcome in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure.

^c Beck Anxiety Inventory.

^d Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Self-rated.

^e Quality of Life Inventory.