Table 1.
Characteristic | Heart Failure (n=56) | HF+EOV (n=25) | HF-EOV (n=31) | Control (n=19) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age – Years | 59±2 | 56±3 | 62 ± 2 | 60±3 |
Male Sex - % | 80 | 81 | 79 | 79 |
Body Mass Index | 28.2±0.8 | 29.2±1.2 | 27.3±1.0 | 27.5±0.8 |
Primary Cause of Heart Failure; ischemic | 55§ | 64 | 48 | 0 |
Heart Failure Pharmacotherapy | ||||
Diuretic – Loop | 86§ | 96* | 81 | 5 |
ACE Inhibitor or ARB | 80§ | 88 | 74 | 37 |
β-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist | 91§ | 100 | 90 | 21 |
Spironolactone – Aldo Blocker | 54§ | 56 | 52 | 0 |
Digoxin | 50§ | 56 | 45 | 0 |
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy - % | 23§ | 28 | 19 | 0 |
Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction (rest) | 38±1§ | 34±2* | 41±2 | 56±1 |
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (rest) | 30±1§ | 29±1 | 31±1 | 68±1 |
Peak VO2 – ml/kg/min | 12.4±0.5§ | 11.3±0.6* | 13.2±0.8 | 23.9±1.6 |
Respiratory Exchange Ratio | 1.16±0.02 | 1.18±0.03 | 1.14±0.03 | 1.11±0.024 |
FEV1 | 2.27±0.11§ | 2.33±0.16 | 2.23±0.15 | 3.36±0.11 |
VE/VCO2 | 38.8§ | 41.6 | 36.6 | 32.7 |
PaCO2 (rest) | 37.4±0.7 | 37.6±0.9 | 37.2±1.1 | 35.0±1.4 |
PaO2 (rest) | 88.5±1.7§ | 89.8±2.1 | 87.4±2.6 | 97.5±3.0 |
pH (rest) | 7.45±0.01 | 7.46±0.01 | 7.45±0.01 | 7.44±0.01 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.9±0.4 | 13.1±0.3 | 12.8±0.4 | 13.1±0.3 |
Indicates P<0.05 for comparison of HF+EOV and HF-EOV and
indicates P<0.05 for comparison of HF and controls.