Hsp104 is sufficient for thermotolerance. (A) Doxycycline-regulated expression of HSP104 in strain AFA58a, carrying ectopic Ptet-HSP104, as analyzed by Western blotting. Results from the wild-type strain SC5314, before and after heat treatment, and the null mutant are shown as controls. (B) Expression of HSP104 was induced with 50 μg/ml doxycycline prior to administration of the heat shock. Ten-fold serial dilutions of wild-type, homozygous hsp104Δ, and Ptet-HSP104 cells were spotted on YPD plates after exposure at the lethal temperature of 50°C for the indicated time periods. Cells of the wild-type and homozygous hsp104Δ strains were also treated with doxycycline as a control.