Table 1.
Properties of the LT holotoxin, dmLT, A subunit, A1 domain, and B subunit
| Analysis | Detection levela |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LT | dmLT | A + B | A | A1 | B | |
| In vitro | ||||||
| Protease sensitivity | + | ++ | ND | +++ | ++++ | NO |
| Enzymatic activity | +++ | +++b | ND | + | ++ | NO |
| GM1 binding | +++ | +++ | ND | NO | ND | +++ |
| Intracellular detection | +++ | ++ | ND | ++ | + | +++ |
| cAMP induction | ++++ | + | + | + | + | NO |
| DC maturation | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | + | + | +++ |
| In vivo | ||||||
| Secretion | ++++ | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO |
| Intranasal adjuvant | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| IgG | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | +++ | +++ | ++ |
| IgG1 | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | +++ | ++ | ++++ |
| IgG2a | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | +++ | + | NO |
| Mucosal IgA | ++++ | ++++ | ++++ | +++ | +++ | + |
| Th17 response | ++ | ++++ | +++ | +++ | ND | NO |
a
Individual properties are scaled by detection level from lowest (+) to highest (++++). ND, not determined; NO, not observed; Yes, observed.
b
Data not shown elsewhere in this work.