Fig 5.

Decreased angiogenic growth factor production in filarial pathology by inhibition of p38 MAPK, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. PBMCs from individuals with chronic pathology (CP) (n = 10) were cultured with inhibitors (Inh) of the p38 (SB203580), ERK (U0126), and NF-κB (Bay 11-7082) signaling pathways or with DMSO alone for 1 h prior to stimulation with a Pam3Cys control for 24 h, and the production of VEGF-A (A) and Ang-1 (B) was measured by ELISA. Data are shown as net levels in the presence of inhibitor or the DMSO control, with each line representing a single individual.