Table 2.
Association between inconsistent condom use, socioeconomic factors, health status, and alcohol use.
| Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa,b (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Socioeconomic factors | ||
| Age | 1.02 (1.02–1.03)∗∗∗ | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) |
| Male versus female | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 0.96 (0.75–1.24) |
| Never married | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Married/cohabitating | 1.30 (1.11–1.52)∗∗∗ | 1.66 (1.25–2.20)∗∗∗ |
| Separated/divorced/widowed | 2.73 (1.91–3.90)∗∗∗ | 3.67 (1.85–7.29)∗∗∗ |
| Grade 7 or less | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Grade 8–11 | 0.63 (0.54–0.74)∗∗∗ | 0.72 (0.53–0.99)∗ |
| Grade 12 or more | 0.58 (0.48–0.69)∗∗∗ | 0.66 (0.46–0.94)∗∗ |
|
| ||
| Poverty index | ||
| Low | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium | 1.38 (1.20–1.59)∗∗∗ | 1.60 (1.24–2.20)∗∗∗ |
| High | 1.98 (1.62–2.43)∗∗∗ | 1.54 (1.05–2.25)∗ |
| Black African | 1.00 | — |
| Coloured | 1.17 (0.96–1.43) | |
| Indian, Asian, White, other | 1.16 (0.74–1.81) | |
|
| ||
| Health status | ||
| HIV positive versus negative | 0.86 (0.75–0.99)∗ | 0.96 (0.72–1.28) |
| Ever STI | 1.38 (1.07–177)∗ | 1.10 (0.72–1.67) |
| New TB versus retreatment | 1.02 (0.88–1.19) | — |
|
| ||
| Perceived health status | ||
| Excellent/very good | 1.00 | — |
| Good | 0.94 (0.78–1.12) | |
| Fair/poor | 0.99 (0.83–1.17) | |
| Severe psychological distress | 1.26 (1.09–1.47)∗∗ | 1.21 (0.92–1.59) |
| On ART | 0.60 (0.51–0.70)∗∗∗ | 0.79 (0.58–1.08) |
| Disclosed HIV status to last partner | 0.32 (0.28–0.37)∗∗∗ | 0.34 (0.25–0.48)∗∗∗ |
| Partner HIV unknown or negative versus positive | 1.60 (1.39–1.84)∗∗∗ | 1.18 (0.87–2.12) |
| Sexual partner on ART | 0.41 (0.33–0.50)∗∗∗ | 0.38 (0.23–0.60)∗∗∗ |
|
| ||
| Alcohol use | ||
| AUDIT | ||
| Abstinent or Low risk (0–7) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| High risk (8–19) | 1.38 (1.16–1.64)∗∗∗ | 1.14 (0.82–1.58) |
| Probably alcohol dependent (20–40) | 2.03 (1.52–2.71)∗∗∗ | 1.44 (0.86–2.42) |
| Alcohol before sex | 1.22 (1.12–1.32)∗∗∗ | 1.08 (0.78–1.50) |
| Partner alcohol before sex | 1.33 (1.21–1.46)∗∗∗ | 1.56 (1.30–1.90)∗∗∗ |
aUsing “enter” LR selection of variables.
bHosmer and Lemeshow Chi-square 7.16, df 8, 0.516; Cox and Snell R 2 0.15; Nagelkerke R 2 0.20.
∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001.