TABLE 4.
Unadjusted total energy and macronutrient intake by category of BMI in men and women (aged 40–59 y), with the exclusion of participants consuming a special diet (United States, 1996–1999): the INTERMAP (n = 1794)1
| BMI (kg/m2) |
||||||
| Men |
Women |
|||||
| Macronutrient | <25.0(n = 202) | 25.0–29.9(n = 414) | ≥30.0(n = 331) | <25.0(n = 316) | 25.0–29.9(n = 256) | ≥30.0(n = 275) |
| Energy (kcal/d)2 | 2567.9 ± 685.2 | 2613.2 ± 700.1 | 2712.7 ± 698.2 | 1828.9 ± 414.2 | 1870.3 ± 424.9 | 2054.9 ± 507.3 |
| Dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal)2 | 9.0 ± 3.1 | 8.4 ± 2.8 | 8.1 ± 3.1 | 9.5 ± 3.4 | 9.2 ± 3.3 | 8.0 ± 2.8 |
| Total protein (% kcal)3 | 14.6 ± 3.0 | 15.4 ± 3.1 | 15.6 ± 2.8 | 15.1 ± 3.0 | 15.4 ± 2.9 | 15.3 ± 3.0 |
| Animal protein (% of total protein)3 | 62.2 ± 0.1 | 65.6 ± 0.1 | 67.2 ± 0.1 | 61.6 ± 0.1 | 64.6 ± 0.1 | 67.5 ± 0.1 |
| Vegetable protein (% of total protein)3 | 36.2 ± 0.1 | 33.1 ± 0.1 | 31.5 ± 0.1 | 37.3 ± 0.1 | 34.4 ± 0.1 | 31.7 ± 0.1 |
| Animal protein (% of energy)3 | 9.2 ± 3.0 | 10.2 ± 3.1 | 10.6 ± 2.9 | 9.4 ± 3.0 | 10.1 ± 2.9 | 10.4 ± 2.9 |
| Vegetable protein (% of energy)3 | 5.2 ± 1.7 | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 5.5 ± 1.5 | 5.2 ± 1.6 | 4.7 ± 1.2 |
| Total fat (% of energy)2 | 30.9 ± 6.4 | 33.8 ± 5.9 | 34.7 ± 6.5 | 32.1 ± 6.6 | 33.2 ± 6.3 | 34.3 ± 6.4 |
| MUFAs (% of energy)2 | 11.5 ± 2.8 | 12.5 ± 2.5 | 12.9 ± 2.6 | 11.7 ± 2.8 | 12.3 ± 2.7 | 12.7 ± 2.6 |
| PUFAs (% of energy)3 | 6.6 ± 2.0 | 7.1 ± 2.0 | 7.0 ± 2.4 | 7.0 ± 2.3 | 7.0 ± 2.1 | 7.1 ± 2.1 |
| SFAs (% of energy)2 | 9.9 ± 2.8 | 11.0 ± 2.5 | 11.4 ± 2.6 | 10.5 ± 2.8 | 10.8 ± 2.7 | 11.3 ± 2.6 |
| PUFA:SFA ratio3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.2 |
| trans Fatty acids (% of energy)2 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.7 |
| Omega-3 PUFAs (% of energy) | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 |
| Omega-6 PUFAs (% of energy)3 | 6.0 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 6.4 ± 2.2 | 6.3 ± 2.1 | 6.3 ± 1.9 | 6.4 ± 1.9 |
| Cholesterol2 | ||||||
| (mg/d) | 309.9 ± 164.9 | 343.8 ± 161.5 | 389.6 ± 190.0 | 214.7 ± 96.0 | 248.6 ± 116.6 | 289.4 ± 130.0 |
| (mg/1000 kcal) | 119.2 ± 53.3 | 132.6 ± 57.5 | 141.6 ± 55.5 | 117.1 ± 48.6 | 132.9 ± 54.9 | 142.1 ± 60.9 |
| Keys dietary lipid score24 | 33.9 ± 9.8 | 36.9 ± 8.8 | 38.8 ± 9.2 | 34.9 ± 9.5 | 36.8 ± 9.2 | 38.5 ± 9.0 |
| Total carbohydrates (% of energy)2 | 50.6 ± 8.7 | 47.9 ± 7.4 | 47.3 ± 7.5 | 51.1 ± 7.7 | 49.9 ± 7.1 | 49.3 ± 7.5 |
| Starch (% of energy)2 | 23.4 ± 6.7 | 22.4 ± 5.2 | 22.0 ± 5.1 | 23.8 ± 5.4 | 22.6 ± 5.5 | 21.9 ± 4.9 |
| Sugars (% of energy)3 | 27.2 ± 9.4 | 25.6 ± 7.8 | 25.3 ± 8.2 | 27.3 ± 7.5 | 27.4 ± 7.4 | 27.4 ± 7.6 |
| Alcohol3 | ||||||
| (g/d) | 12.9 ± 19.7 | 11.4 ± 17.4 | 9.6 ± 16.3 | 4.0 ± 7.1 | 3.6 ± 6.5 | 3.0 ± 8.9 |
| (% of energy) | 3.8 ± 6.2 | 2.8 ± 4.8 | 2.3 ± 4.3 | 1.6 ± 3.7 | 1.3 ± 3.4 | 1.1 ± 3.4 |
1
All values are means ± SDs. INTERMAP, International Study of Macro-/Micronutrients and Blood Pressure.
2
P-trend < 0.05 across BMI categories for men and women calculated by using generalized linear models with adjustment for age and race-ethnicity.
3
P-trend < 0.05 across BMI categories for men calculated by using generalized linear models with adjustment for age and race-ethnicity.
4
Calculated as 1.35 (2 SFA − PUFA) + 1.5 CHOL1/2, where CHOL is dietary cholesterol in mg/1000 kcal.