TABLE 1.
Linear trends in prevalence of consumption of sources of LCSs from 1999–2000 to 2007–2008 among children and adolescents (2 to 17 y of age) by demographic and weight subgroups1
| Any item with LCS | Reduced-calorie beverage | No-calorie beverage | Condiment with LCS | Dessert with LCS | |
| % | % | % | % | % | |
| Total | |||||
| All children | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 3334) | 8.7 ± 0.9 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 2839) | 15.0 ± 1.2* | 7.4 ± 0.8**** | 6.1 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.4 |
| Male | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 1700) | 6.8 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.3 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 1465) | 12.2 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ± 0.9** | 3.7 ± 0.5 | 1.37 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 |
| Female | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 1634) | 8.5 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.1 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 1374) | 13.6 ± 0.8* | 6.7 ± 0.6**** | 4.8 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 |
| Age | |||||
| 2 to 5 y | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 665) | 7.0 ± 0.9 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.4 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 832) | 11.9 ± 2.0 | 6.5 ± 1.1 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.6 |
| 6 to 11 y | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 961) | 7.0 ± 0.8 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.4 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 1121) | 13.7 ± 0.9* | 6.9 ± 0.8**** | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.3*** | 1.3 ± 0.4 |
| 12 to 17 y | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 1708) | 8.3 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 0.70 ± 0.2 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 886) | 12.9 ± 1.6 | 6.7 ± 1.01 | 5.1 ± 1.2 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 0.3 |
| Race | |||||
| White | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 730) | 11.9 ± 1.4 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 7.3 ± 1.0 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 0.3 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 902) | 16.4 ± 1.2 | 6.9 ± 0.7** | 7.4 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.6 |
| Black | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 929) | 5.6 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.4 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 721) | 11.1 ± 1.3 | 7.8 ± 0.9**** | 1.9 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.3**** | 1.0 ± 0.4 |
| Hispanic | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 1526) | 6.6 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 1076) | 11.0 ± 0.0 | 5.2 ± 0.8** | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.5 |
| Weight status | |||||
| Normal weight | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 1811) | 7.0 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.3 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 1433) | 11.9 ± 1.2* | 6.2 ± 0.6**** | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.4 |
| Overweight | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 469) | 8.1 ± 1.3 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.5 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 373) | 15.6 ± 1.5* | 7.8 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.0 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.6 |
| Obese | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 592) | 10.3 ± 1.4 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 6.8 ± 1.1 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.6 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 531) | 17.0 ± 1.5 | 8.8 ± 1.1 | 6.6 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 0.7**** | 1.6 ± 0.5 |
| Income | |||||
| Low | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 1869) | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 1427) | 11.0 ± 0.8 | 6.0 ± 0.6**** | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.4 |
| Middle | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 861) | 6.7 ± 0.9 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 3.7 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 834) | 14.5 ± 1.6 | 7.0 ± 1.1* | 4.9 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.6 |
| High | |||||
| 1999–2000 (n = 574) | 11.2 ± 1.8 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 7.0 ± 1.20 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| 2007–2008 (n = 577) | 15.3 ± 1.5 | 8.2 ± 1.2* | 6.8 ± 1.07 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.3 |
All values are means ± SEs. The data were collected from one 24-h dietary recall. Linear trends in prevalence of consumption of each source of low-calorie sweeteners were analyzed by using logistic regression. The prevalence of consumption of LCSs was assessed by using frequency procedures for complex survey design. LCSs include reduced-calorie drinks (eg, light fruit juices and diet lemonade); no-calorie drinks (eg, diet soda and sugar-free flavored water beverages), low-calorie desserts (eg, sugar-free ice cream and sugar-free pudding), low-calorie condiments (eg, reduced-sugar ketchup and sugar-free pancake syrup), and other low-calorie foods (eg, light yogurt and no-sugar-added canned peaches). *P-trend < 0.05, **P-trend < 0.01, ***P-trend <0.001, ****P-trend < 0.0001. LCS, low-calorie sweetener.