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Proposed mechanisms for beneficial effects of β-cell rest
| Restocking’ of cellular insulin stores (20) |
| Recovery of GK activity (21) |
| Reduction of gluconeogenic enzymes (e.g., GK, glucose-6-phosphatase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) (23) |
| Improved pancreatic islet blood flow (24) |
| Decreased islet fibrosis (25) |
| Decreased islet antigenicity (26–29) |
| Reduction in reactive oxygen species (8, 32, 33) |
