Systemic artemin normalizes expression of GFRα3 and RET. (a,b) Quantification of DRG neurons immunoreactive for NF200, CGRP or P2X3 and coexpressing either GFRα3 (a) or RET (b) 14 days after DRC or sham surgery and immediate treatment with artemin or vehicle. The data are expressed as the percentage of profiles (cells) in the DRG that expressed the indicated marker(s). DRC was associated with a significant (P = 0.011) increase in profiles expressing GFRα3, but not RET (P > 0.05), and a significant reduction in NF200-labeled profiles coexpressing either GFRα3 (P = 0.0003, ANOVA) or RET (P < 0.0001, ANOVA). The proportion of NF200-labeled profiles also expressing GFRα3 or RET was normalized (P = 0.0003) or partly normalized, respectively, by treatment with artemin. * indicates a significant (P ≤ 0.01, ANOVA) difference from the sham-operated, vehicle-treated groups. Error bars, s.e.m.