Table 3.
Placenta PCB levels (lower bound results, i.e. concentrations below limit of quantification = 0). Percentage of quantifiable samples and median (range) are given
| % | Controls FI (n = 56) | % | Cases FI (n = 56) | Case vs. control p-valuea | % | Controls DK (n = 129) | % | Cases DK (n = 39) | Case vs. control p-valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCB 18 (ng/g fat) | 75 | 0.03 (0–0.18) | 91 | 0.06 (0–0.12) | 0.01 | 99 | 0.07 (0–0.91) | 100 | 0.06 (0.02–0.20) | 0.44 |
| PCB 28/31 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.47 (0.16–1.89) | 100 | 0.48 (0.25–3.49) | 0.33 | 100 | 0.47 (0.19–3.59) | 100 | 0.57 (0.21–1.06) | 0.32 |
| PCB 33 (ng/g fat) | 77 | 0.04 (0–0.16) | 96 | 0.04 (0–0.12) | 0.08 | 99 | 0.05 (0–0.40) | 100 | 0.04 (0.02–0.09) | 0.26 |
| PCB 47 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.05 (0.01–0.21) | 100 | 0.06 (0.02–0.24) | 0.02 | 98 | 0.06 (0–1.07) | 100 | 0.07 (0.03–0.11) | 0.80 |
| PCB 49 (ng/g fat) | 95 | 0.06 (0–0.46) | 100 | 0.06 (0.02–0.25) | 0.98 | 98 | 0.04 (0–0.25) | 97 | 0.04 (0–0.09) | 0.10 |
| PCB 51 (ng/g fat) | 20 | 0 (0–0.02) | 20 | 0 (0–0.03) | 0.51 | 4 | 0 (0–0.06) | 13 | 0 (0–0.02) | 0.18 |
| PCB 52 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.15 (0.03–2.51) | 100 | 0.22 (0.03–1.19) | 0.72 | 98 | 0.09 (0–1.88) | 100 | 0.09 (0.03–0.13) | 0.17 |
| PCB 60 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.09 (0.02–0.35) | 100 | 0.10 (0.03–0.36) | 0.87 | 100 | 0.10 (0.03–4.91) | 100 | 0.10 (0.05–0.34) | 0.74 |
| PCB 66 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.29 (0.07–1.78) | 100 | 0.30 (0.08–1.02) | 0.57 | 100 | 0.24 (0.07–6.34) | 100 | 0.26 (0.12–0.82) | 0.94 |
| PCB 74 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.95 (0.38–2.43) | 100 | 0.99 (0.39–14.59) | 0.21 | 100 | 1.05 (0.50–13.24) | 100 | 1.12 (0.72–2.18) | 0.78 |
| PCB 77 (pg/g fat) | 91 | 8.86 (0–36.13) | 91 | 5.14 (0–29.30) | 0.005 | 91 | 3.23 (0–23.90) | 100 | 5.37 (0.43–13.69) | 0.02 |
| PCB 81 (pg/g fat) | 73 | 0.48 (0–1.21) | 89 | 0.60 (0–1.85) | 0.03 | 91 | 0.52 (0–2.05) | 95 | 0.50 (0–1.27) | 0.51 |
| PCB 99 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 1.23 (0.37–3.16) | 100 | 1.19 (0.42–2.64) | 0.91 | 100 | 1.25 (0.47–3.24) | 100 | 1.29 (0.79–1.94) | 0.58 |
| PCB 101 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.35 (0.04–7.64) | 98 | 0.27 (0–3.74) | 0.12 | 71 | 0.06 (0–0.64) | 87 | 0.10 (0–0.33) | 0.16 |
| PCB 105 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.53 (0.14–3.44) | 100 | 0.70 (0.10–2.09) | 0.44 | 100 | 0.43 (0.15–3.03) | 100 | 0.45 (0.24–0.97) | 0.63 |
| PCB 110 (ng/g fat) | 93 | 0.28 (0–19.32) | 100 | 0.21 (0.02–5.25) | 0.15 | 65 | 0.03 (0–0.90) | 90 | 0.08 (0–0.16) | 0.02 |
| PCB 114 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.08 (0.02–0.20) | 100 | 0.10 (0.03–0.38) | 0.32 | 100 | 0.11 (0.04–0.34) | 100 | 0.11 (0.06–0.37) | 0.86 |
| PCB 118 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 2.02 (0.73–8.67) | 100 | 2.62 (0.61–6.64) | 0.62 | 100 | 2.05 (0.88–5.96) | 100 | 2.13 (1.23–4.69) | 0.37 |
| PCB 122 (ng/g fat) | 27 | 0 (0–0.06) | 27 | 0 (0–0.04) | 0.19 | 0 | 0 (0–0) | 0 | 0 (0–0) | NA |
| PCB 123 (ng/g fat) | 96 | 0.09 (0–0.56) | 98 | 0.12 (0–0.44) | 0.50 | 100 | 0.07 (0.03–0.38) | 97 | 0.08 (0–0.20) | 0.70 |
| PCB 126 (pg/g fat) | 100 | 9.47 (1.93–38.39) | 100 | 9.58 (1.22–27.01) | 0.32 | 100 | 8.30 (2.58–21.16) | 100 | 10.91 (4.85–21.26) | 0.01 |
| PCB 128 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.17 (0.02–3.26) | 100 | 0.20 (0.02–0.90) | 0.12 | 99 | 0.12 (0–0.46) | 100 | 0.14 (0.04–0.22) | 0.66 |
| PCB 138 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 6.22 (1.80–18.87) | 100 | 6.32 (2.34–18.36) | 0.80 | 100 | 8.27 (2.34–19.94) | 100 | 8.15 (3.68–16.11) | 0.49 |
| PCB 141 (ng/g fat) | 98 | 0.10 (0–0.80) | 95 | 0.09 (0–0.47) | 0.04 | 50 | 0 (0–0.10) | 90 | 0.04 (0–0.11) | <0.001 |
| PCB 153 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 9.35 (2.75–28.04) | 100 | 9.96 (3.69–33.66) | 0.82 | 100 | 14.15 (3.90–34.55) | 100 | 14.10 (7.21–36.11) | 0.76 |
| PCB 156 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.92 (0.22–2.22) | 100 | 1.07 (0.25–4.74) | 0.64 | 100 | 1.45 (0.37–3.89) | 100 | 1.36 (0.62–5.73) | 0.51 |
| PCB 157 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.15 (0.04–0.40) | 100 | 0.16 (0.04–0.86) | 0.59 | 100 | 0.22 (0.06–0.58) | 100 | 0.21 (0.10–0.79) | 0.67 |
| PCB 167 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.15 (0.03–0.63) | 100 | 0.20 (0.05–0.55) | 0.17 | 100 | 0.24 (0.08–0.62) | 100 | 0.24 (0.10–0.92) | 0.32 |
| PCB 169 (pg/g fat) | 100 | 3.91 (1.16–15.58) | 100 | 4.52 (1.05–11.40) | 0.92 | 100 | 6.95 (1.74–17.70) | 100 | 6.64 (2.83–23.75) | 0.60 |
| PCB 170 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 2.73 (0.76–8.54) | 100 | 2.99 (0.86–14.90) | 0.44 | 100 | 4.84 (1.01–12.78) | 100 | 4.61 (2.19–19.85) | 0.44 |
| PCB 180 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 5.56 (1.44–14.92) | 100 | 5.88 (1.97–28.37) | 0.52 | 100 | 9.65 (2.03–25.21) | 100 | 8.88 (4.07–37.89) | 0.47 |
| PCB 183 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.74 (0.22–2.25) | 100 | 0.72 (0.33–2.57) | 0.80 | 100 | 1.09 (0.27–3.13) | 100 | 1.11 (0.48–2.24) | 0.37 |
| PCB 187 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 1.52 (0.37–4.92) | 100 | 1.57 (0.68–8.10) | 0.63 | 100 | 2.07 (0.53–5.24) | 100 | 2.08 (0.83–6.00) | 0.91 |
| PCB 189 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.10 (0.02–0.36) | 100 | 0.11 (0.03–0.51) | 0.94 | 100 | 0.17 (0.03–0.52) | 100 | 0.16 (0.07–0.73) | 0.80 |
| PCB 194 (ng/g fat) | 100 | 0.67 (0.16–2.02) | 100 | 0.71 (0.26–3.70) | 0.78 | 100 | 1.16 (0.24–2.96) | 100 | 1.01 (0.42–5.18) | 0.27 |
| PCB 206 (ng/g fat) | 96 | 0.17 (0–0.52) | 98 | 0.14 (0–0.70) | 0.54 | 100 | 0.25 (0.02–0.66) | 100 | 0.22 (0.10–0.70) | 0.40 |
| PCB 209 (ng/g fat) | 98 | 0.09 (0–0.25) | 100 | 0.10 (0.02–0.28) | 0.48 | 100 | 0.25 (0.06–0.63) | 100 | 0.22 (0.11–0.78) | 0.22 |
| Sum of all PCBs (ng/g fat) | 38.93 (10.73–101.33) | 42.14 (15.02–132.63) | 0.54 | 52.26 (13.97–114.26) | 47.75 (25.50–145.33) | 0.58 | ||||
| PCB WHO-TEq (pg/g fat) | 2.15 (0.57–6.42) | 2.12 (0.56–5.26) | 0.30 | 2.10 (0.71–4.75) | 2.34 (1.29–6.14) | 0.26 | ||||
| Sum of 21 PCBsc (ng/g fat) | 35.68 (10.43–98.61) | 39.16 (13.79–126.28) | 0.92 | 51.36 (13.60–111.93) | 46.20 (24.69–142.80) | 0.59 | ||||
| WHO-TEq of PCBsc (pg/g fat) | 2.14 (0.57–6.38) | 2.10 (0.55–5.24) | 0.31 | 2.10 (0.71–4.73) | 2.33 (1.29–6.12) | 0.26 |
NA, not applicable; PCB, polychlorinated biphenyl; BMI, body mass index.
a
Mother’s age and BMI included in the model.
b
Gestational age included in the model.
c
Congeners measurable in all placenta samples.