Table 1.

Participant Demographics by Age Group and Case ^a (Mean ± SD)

Characteristic	Age Group
	8–11 y				12–14 y				15–19 y				Masters
	Negative Case	Positive Case	t	P	Negative Case	Positive Case	t	P	Negative Case	Positive Case	t	P	Negative Case	Positive Case	t65	P
Participants, no.	33	9	NA	NA	35	8	NA	NA	65	19	NA	NA	54	13	NA	NA
Height, cm	144.48± 8.31	148.87±9.91	1.35	.18	157.99±13.36	166.37±7.92	0.54	.10	165.63±6.71	166.65± 6.10	0.54	.56	166.83±6.86	168.33±7.01	0.71	.48
Weight, kg	36.29± 7.01	36.48±7.33	0.07	.94	48.69±7.18	52.90±6.51	0.40	.14	58.06±7.69	58.88±8.66	0.40	.69	65.42±10.47	66.74±12.59	0.39	.70
Body mass index	16.94± 2.66	16.00±1.66	−1.00	.32	19.40±3.77	18.63±1.41	0.21	.57	20.80±2.68	20.95±2.82	0.21	.84	23.13±3.30	23.23±3.92	0.09	.92
Age, y	9.67± 1.29	10.11±1.27	0.92	.36	13.00±0.69	13.38±0.74	1.43	.18	16.31±1.30	16.79±1.27	1.43	.16	41.72±13.97	43.77±12.77	0.48	.63

Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.

^aCase indicates absence (negative case) or presence (positive case) of shoulder pain, dissatisfaction, and disability.