Table 1. GALNT3 mutations identified in familial tumoural calcinosis (FTC) and hyperostosis-hyperphosphataemia syndrome (HHS) patients.
No.a | Mutationb | Codon | Predicted effectc | Clinical disorderd | References |
Exon 1 | |||||
1 | c.T2A | 1 | p.Met1, loss of start codon | HHS | [17] |
2 | c.42_57 del | 14 | p.Arg14Ser fsX26 | FTC | [22] |
3 | c.C484T | 162 | p.Arg162X | FTC | [6], [7] |
4 | c.G485A | 162 | p.Arg162Gln | FTC | [16] |
Exon 2 | |||||
5 | c.516–2A>T → skip | 173 | p.Cys173Leu fs176 X | FTC | [5], [7] |
6 | c.677delC | 226 | p.Ala226Val fs228X | FTC | [16] |
Exon 3 | |||||
7 | c.803–804insC | 269 | p.Thr269Asn fs281X | HSS | [23] |
8 | c.C815A | 272 | p.Thr272Lys | FTC | [14] |
Exon 4 | |||||
9 | c.G839A | 280 | p.Cys280Tyr | HHS | [17] |
10 | c.A842G | 281 | p.Glu281Gly | FTC/HHS | [3] |
11 | c.T966G | 322 | p.Tyr322X | FTC | [20] |
Exon 5 | |||||
12 | c.C1076A | 359 | p.Thr359Lys | FTC | [14] |
13 | c.T1097G | 366 | p.Leu366Arg | FTC/HHS | [3] |
14 | c.1102–1103 insT | 368 | p.Ser368Phe fs371X | FTC | [8] |
Exon 6 | |||||
15 | c.T1245A | 415 | p.His415Gln | FTC | [18] |
16 | c.G1313A | 438 | p.Arg438His | HHS | [15] |
17 | c.C1312T | 438 | p.Arg438Cys | FTC/HHS | [18], [19] |
18 | c.A1387T | 463 | p.Arg463X | FTC | [21] |
Exon 7 | |||||
19 | c.C1441T | 481 | p.Gln481X | FTC | [20] |
20 | c.G1460 A | 487 | p.Trp487X | FTC | [8] |
21 | c.1524+1G>A→ skip exon7 | 464 | Del 44aa at codons 464–508 | FTC, HHS, FTC/HHS | [6], [24], [25] |
22 | c.1524+5G>A→ skip exon7 | 464 | Del 44aa at codons 464–508 | FTC | [6] |
Exon 8 | |||||
23 | c.1626+1G>A→ skip exon8 | 509 | Del 34aa at codons 509–542 | HHS | [23] |
Exon 9 | |||||
24 | c.T1720G | 574 | p.Cys574Gly | FTC | [16] |
25 | c.C1774T | 592 | p.Gln592X | FTC | [9], [19] |
The locations of these mutations are illustrated in Figure 1.
Nucleic acid change at base pair in the cDNA sequence (Genbank accession number NM_004482.3); del, deletion; skip, exon skipping; and ins, insertion.
aa, amino acid; del, deletion; fs, frameshift. Mutations 2, 4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 24 and 25 were identified as homozygotes. Of these, mutations 5, 14, 17, 21 and 25 were also identified in other patients as compound heterozygotes. Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the following combinations: 1+9, 3+5, 3+21, 7+23, 8+12, 10+14, 11+19, and 17+25.
FTC, familial tumoural calcinosis; HHS, hyperostosis-hyperphosphataemia syndrome.