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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Neurol. 2012 Sep;47(3):177–185. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.06.003

TABLE 2.

Motor Physiology and Motor Function in ADHD vs. typically developing Children

Typically Developing ADHD p value
Mean SD Mean SD
Motor Physiology
 ISP latency (msec) 40.9 6.1 45.9 6.9 0.007
 ISP duration (msec) 10.5 6.2 9.0 7.0 0.41
 SICI ratio 0.46 0.18 0.67 0.24 0.0007
 RMT 60.9 12.5 62.2 10.4 0.61
 AMT 40.0 9.9 40.8 8.2 0.47
 ICF 1.05 0.17 1.16 0.18 0.02
 CSP (msec) 60.2 40.4 73.0 52.0 0.34
Motor Function
 PANESS Total 16.6 8.6 28.6 10.1 0.0001
 Overflow Right 3.0 2.8 4.7 2.4 0.02
 Overflow Left 2.2 2.6 4.7 2.4 0.01
 Overflow Total 6.1 5.3 9.9 5.4 0.01
 Gait and Station 3.9 3.4 8.0 4.9 0.001
 Timed Tasks 12.7 6.7 20.7 8.0 0.0003

ISP = Ipsilateral Silent Period

SICI = Short interval cortical inhibition; ratio is relative to “1.0,” or no inhibition; so 0.46 indicates 54% relative inhibition and lower ratios indicate more inhibition. Msec = milliseconds

RMT = Resting Motor Threshold

AMT = Active Motor Threshold

ICF = Intracortical Facilitation ratio

CSP = Cortical Silent Period

PANESS = Physical and Neurological Examination for Soft Signs (higher scores indicate more significant delays)