Table 2.

Prevalence of susceptibility factors in published series of patients with PCT from different geographic areas

1^st author (publication year)	Cases	HCV	ETOH	Smoking	HIV	Estrogen^*	HFE⁼
	(n)	Percent with risk factor
*North America*
Jalil et al⁽¹⁷⁾ (2010)	143	69	88	81	13	66	51
Egger et al.⁽⁸⁶⁾ (2002)	39	74	79	86	25	73	65
Bulaj et al.⁽⁸⁷⁾ (2000)	108	59	46	-	-	63	63
Bonkovsky⁽²⁶⁾ et al. (1998)	70	56	90	-	-	47	73
*Europe*
Sweden, Rossmann et al.⁽⁸⁸⁾ (2005)	84	19	25	-	-	55	24
Hungary, Nagy et al.⁽⁸⁹⁾ (2004)	50	44	66	-	-	60	50
Germany, Tannapfel et al.⁽⁹⁰⁾ (2001)	190	15	-	-	-	-	69
Bulgaria, Ivanova et al.⁽⁹¹⁾ (1999)	48	-	-	-	-	-	23
France, Lamoril et al.⁽⁹²⁾ (1998)	124	21	73	-	-	37	-
UK, Roberts et al.⁽⁹³⁾ (1997)	41	-	-	-	-	-	37
Scotland, Hussain et al.⁽¹⁶⁾ (1996)	12	92	33	-	8	-	-
Spain, Herrero et al.⁽⁹⁴⁾ (1993)	100	79	71	-	-	-	-
Italy, Fargion et al.⁽⁹⁵⁾ (1992)	74	76	38	-	-	-	53
*Australia*	27	26	-	-	-	-	44
Stuart et al.⁽⁹⁶⁾ (1998)
*South America*
Argentina, Mendez et al.⁽⁹⁷⁾ (2005)	1000	35	42	-	6	29	53
Brazil, Martinelli et al.⁽⁹⁸⁾ (2000)	23	65	74	-	-	-	44

Abbreviations: ETOH, alcohol excess; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HFE, the gene mutated in classical HLA-linked hereditary hemochromatosis; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus;

Use among women (note that estrogen therapy of men for prostate cancer is also a recognized risk factor)

⁼

C282Y and H63D mutations

Adapted from Ref 17. Used with permission of the authors and publisher.