Fig 5.

Chloroquine (CQ) treatment does not prevent the development of anemia, and IRBCs are removed at an accelerated rate compared to URBCs. (A) P. berghei-infected mice were treated with chloroquine on day 5 postinfection, which resulted in rapid clearance of parasitemia and mild anemia (B). (C) DiD-labeled RBCs from P. chabaudi/P. berghei-infected animals at 3% parasitemia (IRBCs) or from uninfected mice (URBCs) were injected on day 5 postinfection into mice whose results are shown in panel A, and the clearance was tracked by flow cytometry. The data present the decline in the percentage of labeled RBCs from baseline. At 48 h, IRBCs (filled symbols) disappeared from the circulation faster than URBCs. (D) P. chabaudi/P. berghei-infected and P. chabaudi- and sham-infected mice were infected with P. berghei, and some groups of animals were treated with chloroquine on day 5 postinfection. P. chabaudi/P. berghei-infected animals developed severe anemia, despite treatment with chloroquine (E). (F) DiD-labeled RBCs, as for panel C, were injected on day 5 postinfection into P. chabaudi/P. berghei-infected animals or P. chabaudi- and sham-infected animals whose results are shown in panel D. IRBCs injected into P. chabaudi/P. berghei-infected animals disappeared from the circulation than faster URBCs. Data points are means ± SDs. P values were obtained using unpaired t test.