TABLE 2.
Means and standard deviations in parentheses for the group and condition factors
| Measure | Control | PD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPL (dB) | 79.1 (3.7) | 74.5 (2.2) | ||
| Syllable duration (s) | 0.25 (0.03) | 0.24 (0.03) | ||
| Speech rate (syllable/s) | 4.2 (0.24) | 4.1 (0.08) | ||
| Accuracy | 0.86 (0.13) | 0.95 (0.03) | ||
| Direction
|
Direction
|
|||
| Open | Close | Open | Close | |
|
| ||||
| LL displacement (mm) | 11.3 (2.8) | 11.3 (2.0) | 9.5 (2.7) | 9.1 (2.4) |
| LL velocity (mm/s) | 139.1 (47.4) | 162.0 (29.6) | 107.8 (33.7) | 141.1 (34.4) |
| Articulator
|
Articulator
|
|||
| Lower lip | Jaw | Lower lip | Jaw | |
|
| ||||
| Displacement dynamic range (mm) | 8.7 (2.1) | 7.8 (2.3) | 7.0 (1.5) | 6.0 (1.6) |
| Velocity dynamic range (mm/s) | 172.0 (46.8) | 158.7 (50.4) | 132.6 (38.3) | 112.0 (39.1) |
| Word
|
Word
|
|||
| Boy | Moist | Boy | Moist | |
|
| ||||
| F2 slopea (Hz/ms) | 10.8 (3.3) | 14.4 (2.7) | 8.4 (1.7) | 11.2 (2.8) |
| F2 extent (Hz) | 890.7 (228.5) | 775.2 (197.2) | 735.7 (219.1) | 676.1 (222.5) |
| F2 duration (ms) | 96.0 (27.0) | 58.7 (16.3) | 99.5 (30.0) | 65.0 (26.8) |
Values are means and standard deviations for each variable for both participant groups.
a
Before log-transformation to correct for heterogeneity of variances.
PD, Parkinson’s disease; SPL, sound pressure level; LL, lower lip; F2, second formant.