Table 1.
Characteristics of Articles Included in Analysis (N = 19)
| Primary Author, Year of Article | Type of Clinical Trial | Type of Randomization | Area of Focus | Number of Participants Eligible for Study | Number of Participants Enrolled | Number of Participants Retained | Percent Retained | Ethnic Composition of Participants (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balcazar et al. (2009) | Randomized control | Individual participant | Participant behavior | 98 | 98 | 98 | 100 | Latino (100) |
| Balcazar et al. (2010) | Randomized control | Individual participant | Participant behavior | 568 | 328 | 284 | 87 | Latino (100) |
| Blumenthal et al. (2010) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by site of recruitment (church, community center, or clinic) | Clinical | 645 | 369 | 259 | 70 | Non-Hispanic black (100) |
| Estabrooks et al. (2008) | Nonrandomized | NA | Participant behavior | 4,609 | 1,190 | 1,045 | 88 | Non-Hispanic white (95) |
| Latino (1) | ||||||||
| Native American (1) | ||||||||
| Not cited (3) | ||||||||
| Feinberg et al. (2007) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by community | Other | 157 | 53 | 29 | 55 | Not cited |
| Froelicher et al. (2010) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by groups | Participant behavior | 191 | 60 | 22 | 37 | Non-Hispanic black (100) |
| Horowitz et al. (2009) | Randomized control, delayed intervention | Individual participant | Other | 249 | 99 | Not reported | NA | Latino (89) |
| Non-Hispanic black (9) | ||||||||
| Asian (1) | ||||||||
| Native American (1) | ||||||||
| Kim et al. (2008) | Nonrandomized, concurrent control | NA | Participant behavior | Not reported | 73 | 61 | 84 | Non-Hispanic black (100) |
| Leeman-Castillo et al. (2010) | Nonrandomized | NA | Participant behavior | 333 | 299 | 245 | 82 | Latino (100) |
| Levine et al. (2003) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by census blocks | Health care delivery | 817 | 789 | 471 | 60 | Non-Hispanic black (100) |
| Linnan et al. (2005) | Nonrandomized | NA | Other | Not reported | 162 | 83 | 51 | Non-Hispanic black (68.5) |
| Non-Hispanic white (31.5) | ||||||||
| Mikami, Boucher, and Humphreys (2005) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by classroom | Other | Not reported | 24 classrooms (individuals not reported) | Not reported | NA | Not reported |
| Nguyen et al. (2006) | Nonrandomized, cross-sectional, with control community | NA | Health care delivery | Not reported | 1,566, 2009 (at each cross-sectional survey) | NA | NA | Asian (100) |
| Parikh et al. (2010) | Randomized control with delayed intervention | Cluster randomization by recruitment site | Participant behavior | 103 | 99 | 72 | 73 | Latino (89) |
| Non-Hispanic black (9) | ||||||||
| Not reported (2) | ||||||||
| Redmond et al. (2009) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by community | Participant behavior | 13,257 | 11,931 | 9,438 | 79 | Non-Hispanic white (83) |
| Non-Hispanic black (3) | ||||||||
| Latino (5) | ||||||||
| Not reported (9) | ||||||||
| Reed and Kidd (2004) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by school | Participant behavior | Not reported | 1,138 | 373 | 33 | Non-Hispanic white (98) |
| Not reported (2) | ||||||||
| Riggs, Nakawatase, and Pentz (2008) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by community | Other | 431 | 431 | 154 | 36 | Not reported (100) |
| Siegel et al. (2010) | Randomized control | Cluster randomization by school | Participant behavior | Not reported | 413 | 125 | 30 | Latino (48.4 control, 60.8 intervention) |
| Non-Hispanic white (27 control, 19.8 intervention) | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic black (9.7 control, 4.1 intervention) | ||||||||
| Not reported (17.8 control, 15.5 intervention) | ||||||||
| Two Feathers et al. (2005) | Nonrandomized | NA | Participant behavior | 300 | 151 | 111 | 74 | Non-Hispanic black (64) |
| Latino (36) |