Table 1.
—Characteristics in Included Trials
| Study/Year | Country | Population Studied | Type of Study | Intervention ETT | Control ETT | VAP Definition Outcomes |
| Vallés et al11/1995 | Spain | Medical-surgical ICU patients on MV for > 72 h | Randomized controlled | SSD | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Zhenq et al12/2008 | China | Patients on MV for > 48 h | Retrospective controlled | SSD | Non-SSD | Clinical confirmation of VAP |
| Mahul et al13/1992 | France | Medical-surgical ICU patients on MV for > 72 h | Randomized controlled | SSD | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Bo et al14/2000 | China | Surgical ICU patients on MV for > 72 h | Randomized controlled | SSD (CASS) | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Kollef et al15/1999 | United States | Cardiothoracic ICU patients on MV after cardiac surgery | Prospective randomized clinical | SSD (CASS) | Non-SSD | Clinical confirmation of VAP |
| Girou et al16/2004 | France | Patients intubated for > 5 d | Randomized controlled | SSD (CASS) | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Bouza et al17/2008 | Spain | Patients with major heart surgery | Randomized controlled | SSD (CASS) | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Yang et al18/2008 | China | Patients on MV for > 48 h | Randomized controlled | SSD (CASS) | Non-CASS | Clinical confirmation of VAP |
| Smulders et al19/2002 | The Netherlands | Medical-surgical ICU patients on MV for > 72 h | Randomized controlled | SSD (intermittent suction) | Non-SSD | Clinical confirmation of VAP |
| Lacherade et al20/2010 | France | Patients on MV for > 48 h | Randomized controlled | SSD (intermittent suction) | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Lorente et al21/2007 | Spain | Patients on MV for > 24 h | Clinical randomized | SSD/tapered-shaped PU cuff (intermittent drainage) | Non-SSD | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| PVC cuff | ||||||
| Poelaert et al22/2008 | Belgium | Postoperative cardiac surgery | Prospective single-blind randomized | Tapered-shaped PU cuff | PVC cuff | Clinical confirmation VAP |
| Miller et al23/2011 | United States | Adults in ICU intubated | Observational | Cylindric PU cuff | PVC cuff | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
| Kollef et al24/2008 | United States | Patients on MV for > 24 h | Prospective randomized single-blind controlled | Silver-coated cuff | Non-silver-coated PVC cuff | Clinical and microbiologic confirmation of VAP |
CASS = continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions; ETT = endotracheal tube; MV = mechanical ventilation; PU = polyurethane; PVC = polyvinylchloride; SSD = subglottic secretion drainage; VAP = ventilator-associated pneumonia.