Table I.
Clinical Characteristics
| Characteristic | Paroxysmal AF | Persistent AF | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 19 | 30 | |
| Age /years (range) | 61±9 (35-77) | 62±9 (40-82) | 0.81 |
| History of AF / yrs (range) | 3.0±2.6 (0.4-10.2) | 6.2±6.3 (0.6-28.6) | 0.04 |
| LA Diameter /mm | 41±4 | 47±5 | 0.07 |
| LVEF /% (range) | 59±6 | 51±13 | 0.30 |
| Hypertension / n (%) | 16 (84) | 23 (77) | 0.52 |
| Coronary Disease / n (%) | 7 (37) | 10 (33) | 0.80 |
| Diabetes Mellitus /% | 9 (47) | 10 (33) | 0.33 |
| Medications / n (%) | |||
| ACEI/ARB | 12 (63) | 20 (67) | 0.80 |
| Statins | 15 (79) | 21 (70) | 0.49 |
| Failed Antiarrhythmics | |||
| Class I | 4 (21) | 7 (23) | 0.85 |
| Beta-Blockers | 14 (74) | 22 (73) | 0.98 |
| Amiodarone | 3 (16) | 16 (53) | 0.01 |
| Other Class III | 12 (63) | 14 (47) | 0.26 |
| Digoxin | 5 (26) | 10 (33) | 0.60 |