Table 1. CHA2 DS2-VASc score and stroke rate.

Risk factors for stroke and thrombo-embolism in non-valvular AF
Major risk factors
Previous stroke, TIA, systemic embolism, or age > 75 years
Clinically relevant non-major factors
Heart failure, or moderate to severe LV systolic dysfunction (e.g., LVEF < 40%) hypertension, diabetes mellitus, female sex, age 65–74 years, vascular disease.
Risk factor based approach expressed as a point based scoring system, with the acronym CHA2DS2-VASc (maximum score is 9 since age may contribute 0, 1 or 2 points
Risk factor	Score
Congestive heart failure/LV dysfunction	1
Hypertension	1
Age > 75	2
Diabetes mellitus	1
Stroke, TIA, Thrombo-embolism	2
Vascular disease	1
Age 65–74 yaers	1
Female sex	1
Maximum score	9

LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; TIA: transient ischemic attack.