Table 3.
Continued
| Item | Responseb | Groupa |
|||
| Low | Mod | High | Total | ||
| 1. I intentionally increase the volumes of fluids I drink in non-exercise environments during periods of warm or hot weather. | Strongly disagree, % | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Disagree, % | 2 | 12 | 9 | 8 | |
| Agree, % | 52 | 47 | 63 | 54 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 36 | 34 | 25 | 32 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 7 | 3 | 0 | 3 | |
| Mean± SD | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | |
| 2. Sport beverages are superior to water in meeting hydration needs of exercisers. | Strongly disagree, % | 11 | 7 | 0 | 6 |
| Disagree, % | 23 | 33 | 30 | 31 | |
| Agree, % | 34 | 42 | 45 | 40 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 13 | 10 | 21 | 15 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 13 | 9 | 4 | 8 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 0.8c | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | |
| 3. I prefer the taste of water over sport beverages in exercise environments. | Strongly disagree, % | 10 | 4 | 10 | 8 |
| Disagree, % | 32 | 28 | 35 | 32 | |
| Agree, % | 26 | 34 | 39 | 33 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 27 | 30 | 13 | 24 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 0.9c | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | |
| 4. I avoid drinking sport beverages because of their caloric content. | Strongly disagree, % | 19 | 23 | 27 | 23 |
| Disagree, % | 37 | 44 | 39 | 40 | |
| Agree, % | 21 | 22 | 23 | 22 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 15 | 9 | 4 | 9 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 9 | 3 | 7 | 6 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | |
| 5. I dilute regular sport beverages with water. | Strongly disagree, % | 30 | 21 | 29 | 27 |
| Disagree, % | 19 | 28 | 24 | 24 | |
| Agree, % | 24 | 17 | 20 | 20 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 9 | 24 | 21 | 18 | |
| Do not know, % | 19 | 10 | 6.5 | 12 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | |
| 6. I drink low- or zero-calorie sport beverages. | Strongly disagree, % | 15 | 17 | 28 | 20 |
| Disagree, % | 21 | 24 | 20 | 21 | |
| Agree, % | 35 | 37 | 30 | 34 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 17 | 13 | 17 | 16 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 12 | 9 | 4 | 8 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 2.5 ± 1.0 | |
| 7. I drink beverages marketed as “recovery” beverages that contain high percentages of carbohydrates or a carbohydrate and protein combination. | Strongly disagree, % | 14 | 25 | 17 | 19 |
| Disagree, % | 27 | 35 | 28 | 30 | |
| Agree, % | 36 | 19 | 34 | 29 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 4 | 10 | 12 | 9 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 19 | 12 | 9 | 13 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 2.4 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | |
| 8. Drinking a sport beverage instead of water after exercise will result in better recovery and improved performance for my next exercise session. | Strongly disagree, % | 7 | 11 | 2 | 7 |
| Disagree, % | 25 | 32 | 26 | 28 | |
| Agree, % | 39 | 34 | 47 | 40 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 7 | 10 | 15 | 11 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 23 | 14 | 10 | 16 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.5 ± 0.9c | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | |
| 9. Drinking sport beverages with carbohydrates and electrolytes before or during exercise can improve performance during runs of less than 1 hour compared to water. | Strongly disagree, % | 9 | 13 | 7 | 9 |
| Disagree, % | 37 | 40 | 44 | 40 | |
| Agree, % | 30 | 32 | 29 | 30 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 20 | 14 | 20 | 18 | |
| Mean ± SD | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | |
| 10. Drinking sport beverages with carbohydrates and electrolytes before or during exercise can improve performance for runs of greater than 1 hour compared to water. | Strongly disagree, % | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Disagree, % | 10 | 19 | 7 | 12 | |
| Agree, % | 49 | 52 | 45 | 49 | |
| Strongly agree, % | 19 | 20 | 41 | 26 | |
| Not applicable/do not know, % | 20 | 7 | 8 | 11 | |
| Mean ± SD | 3.0 ± 0.7c | 2.9 ± 0.7c | 3.4 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | |
a Low, Mod, and High are tertile classifications based on training volume, expected performance, and running experience.
b 1, strongly disagree; 2, disagree; 3, agree; 4, strongly agree.
c Different from High (P < .05).