Table 5.

Associations with inappropriate drug use at baseline and at end of study

CHARACTERISTIC	BASELINE		IMPROVEMENT AT END POINT
	CRUDE OR	ADJUSTED OR	CRUDE OR	ADJUSTED OR
Age, y
• 50–59	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
• 60–69	2.06 (0.65–6.60)	2.89 (0.68–12.3)	0.72 (0.28–1.90)	1.81 (0.38–8.60)
• 70–79	4.95 (1.43–17.10)	4.01 (0.94–17.1)	2.44 (0.86–6.87)	2.59 (0.53–12.53)
• ≥ 80	5.00 (1.19–20.50)	8.18 (1.35–49.4)	2.19 (0.63–7.51)	2.91 (0.46–18.55)
Sex (reference = male)	0.84 (0.35–2.03)	0.66 (0.22–1.98)	0.84 (0.35–2.03)	0.85 (0.26–2.77)
University-level education	0.22 (0.08–0.59)	0.11 (0.03–0.50)	0.37 (0.14–1.02)	0.77 (0.15–3.98)
Household income ≥ $80 000	0.37 (0.12–1.11)	1.35 (0.27–6.80)	0.52 (0.17–1.62)	1.55 (0.23–10.52)
≥ 2 chronic conditions	2.68 (0.98–7.34)	0.84 (0.18–3.94)	2.68 (0.98–7.34)	1.84 (0.38–8.81)
Polypharmacy (> 4 medications)	6.64 (2.54–17.4)	8.38 (2.55–27.5)	4.10 (1.60–10.5)	1.40 (0.35–5.56)
Any inappropriate medication at baseline	NA	NA	21.0 (7.02–62.8)	14.62 (4.03–53.04)

NA—not applicable, OR—odds ratio.