Table 1. Description of the included studies looking for an association between toxocariasis and epilepsy.

			PWE Ascertainment			PWOE		Exposure
References	Country	Study design	Sources	Epilepsy definition and classification	Confirmation	Sources	Matching Criteria	Examinations
Glickman et al., J Pediatr 1979 [30]	USA	Case-control	Pediatric Hospital	Alter et al., 1972	Cases known by hospital	Outpatients or hospitalized controls	None	Sera Ab-ELISA
Arpino et al., Epilepsia 1990 [31]	Italy	Case-control	Pediatric Hospital	Not specified (“positive seizure history”)	Cases known by hospital	Pediatric Hospital	None	Sera Ab-ELISA
Nicoletti et al., Neurology 2002 [35]	Bolivia	Case-control	General population	ILAE 1993; ILAE 1981	Neurologist	General population	Sex, age ±5 years, same Community	Sera Ab-ELISA, WB
Akyol et al., Seizure 2007 [41]	Turkey	Case-control	Hospital, consecutively enrolled	Not specified (“idiopathic epilepsy”); ILAE 1981	Cases known by hospital	Volunteers, source not specified	None	Sera Ab-ELISA
Nicoletti et al., Epilepsia 2007 [36]	Burundi	Case-control	PWE identified by local health centers	ILAE 1993; ILAE 1981	Neurologist	Controls coming to hospital for vaccination or PWE neighbors	Age ±5 years, no blood relationship, same province	Sera WB
Nicoletti et al., Epilepsia 2008 [37]	Italy	Case-control	Epilepsy center, randomly selected	ILAE 1993; ILAE 1981	Neurologist	Subjects who went to hospital for hematological check, consecutively enrolled	Group-matched by age	Sera WB
Winkler et al., Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 [38]	Tanzania	Case-control	Hospital, age >10 years	WHO (1993) Winkler et al., 2007	Neurologist	Subjects who underwent CT for reasons other than seizures	None	Sera Ab-ELISA, WB, CSF Ab-ELISA

Ab-ELISA, antibodies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; CT, computerized tomography; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; ILAE, International League Against Epilepsy; PWE, people with epilepsy; PWOE, people without epilepsy; WB, Western Blot; WHO, World Health Organization.