Table 2.
Distribution of pathogens among VLBW infants with IF and/or NEC who had bloodstream infections at the time of and after diagnosis of NEC
| Pathogen, n (% of infections) 1/ | IF | Surgical NEC without IF | Medical NEC |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gram negative | 29 (27.9) | 94 (28.4) | 32 (18.4) |
| E. coli | 7 (6.7) | 25 (7.6) | 9 (5.2) |
| Klebsiella | 11 (10.6) | 33 (10.0) | 5 (2.9) |
| Citrobacter | 1 (1.0) | 4 (1.2) | 2 (1.1) |
| Enterobacter | 6 (5.8) | 18 (5.4) | 7 (4.0) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1 (1.0) | 10 (3.0) | 5 (2.9) |
| Other 2/ | 3 (2.9) | 4 (1.2) | 4 (2.3) |
| Gram positive | 57 (54.8) | 156 (47.1) | 108 (62.1) |
| Group B streptococcus | 0 | 3 (0.9) | 3 (1.7) |
| Viridans streptococcus | 0 | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) |
| Other streptococci | 11 (10.6) | 30 (9.1) | 9 (5.2) |
| CONS | 37 (35.6) | 100 (30.2) | 74 (42.5) |
| S. aureus | 3 (2.9) | 15 (4.5) | 14 (8.0) |
| Other 3/ | 6 (5.8) | 6 (1.8) | 7 (4.0) |
| Fungi | 8 (7.7) | 45 (13.6) | 19 (10.9) |
| Candida albicans | 6 (5.8) | 20 (6.0) | 10 (5.7) |
| Candida parapsilosis | 1 (1.0) | 14 (4.2) | 4 (2.3) |
| Candida sp. | 1 (1.0) | 7 (2.1) | 2 (1.1) 6/ |
| Other 4/ | 0 | 4 (1.2) | 3 (1.7) |
| Mixed infections (>1 pathogen) 5/ | 7 (6.7) | 24 (7.3) | 8 (4.6) |
| Unspecified pathogen | 3 (2.9) | 12 (3.6) | 7 (4.0) |
| Number of infections | 104 (100%) | 331 (100%) | 174 (100%) |
| Number of infants with infections | 62 | 233 | 139 |
Infection episodes involving CONS and one other organism on the same culture were classified under the other organism. All other infections involving > 1 organism (including infections with CONS and 2 other organisms) were classified as mixed infections.
IF: serratia marcescens (2 infections) and acinetobacter (1 infection); surgical NEC: serratia marcescens (3 infections), acinetobacter (1); medical NEC: serratia marcescens (3), acinetobacter (1).
IF: Staphylococcus species not further identified (6 infections); surgical NEC: Staphylococcus species not further identified (5), clostridia (1); medical NEC: Staphylococcus species not further identified (4), bacillus (2), clostridia (1).
Surgical NEC: Torulopsis glabrata (2), saccharomyces (1), other fungi not further identified (1); medical NEC: malassezia fur fur (1), saccharomyces (1), aureobasidium (1).
IF: E. coli + S. aureus (1), Klebsiella + unspecified bacteria (1), Klebsiella + proteus + unspecified bacteria (1), Enterobacter + Group D strep (1), Enterobacter + Candida albicans (1), serratia marcescens + Group D faecalis streptococcus (1), Candida albicans + unspecified bacteria (1); surgical NEC: E. coli + S. aureus (1), E. coli + Group D faecalis strep + CONS (1), E. coli + Group D faecalis strep (2), E. coli + Klebsiella (1), E. coli + enterobacter (2), E. coli + candida albicans (1), Klebsiella + strep pneumoniae (1), Klebsiella + citrobacter (1), Klebsiella + enterobacter (1), Klebsiella + proteus (1), Klebsiella + pseudomonas (2), Klebsiella + bacteroides (1), Klebsiella + enterobacter cloacae + strep (1), enterobacter + torulopsis glabrata (1), pseudomonas aeruginosa + enterobacter cloacae (1), serratia marcescens + strep viridans + CONS (1), serratia marcescens + Group D strep + unspecified bacteria (1), serratia marcescens + candida albicans (1), neisseria + strep viridans + bacillus (1), Group D strep + candida parapsilosis (1), strep + bacillus (1); medical NEC: E. coli + Klebsiella (1), E. coli + pseudomonas (1), E. coli + candida albicans + CONS (1), Klebsiella + strep (1), Klebsiella + strep + CONS (1), Klebsiella + malassezia fur fur (1), Enterobacter + strep (1), Group A strep + candida albicans (1).
Includes one infection involving both candida albicans and parapsilosis