Table 1.
Demographic data of studied children.
| Number of children (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor | DCC1 | DCC2 | DCC3 | DCC4 | Home | All | |
| (n = 73) | (n = 58) | (n = 40) | (n = 70) | (n = 70) | (n = 311) | ||
| Age (yr) | 3 | 10 (13.7) | 15 (25.9) | 13 (32.5) | 16 (22.9) | 36 (51.4) | 90 (28.9) |
| at entry | 4 | 26 (35.6) | 18 (31.0) | 15 (37.5) | 33 (47.1) | 23 (32.9) | 115 (37.0) |
| 5 | 37 (50.7) | 25 (43.1) | 12 (30.0) | 21 (30.0) | 11 (15.7) | 106 (34.1) | |
| Sex | Female | 35 (48.0) | 31 (53.5) | 24 (60.0) | 33 (47.1) | 35 (50.0) | 158 (50.8) |
| Male | 38 (52.0) | 27 (46.6) | 16 (40.0) | 37 (52.9) | 35 (50.0) | 153 (49.2) | |
| Sibling | No | 25 (34.3) | 27 (46.6) | 27 (67.5) | 36 (51.4) | 20 (28.6) | 135 (43.4) |
| possessing | 1 | 41 (56.2) | 21 (36.2) | 12 (30.0) | 30 (42.9) | 35 (50.0) | 139 (44.7) |
| 2 | 7 (9.6) | 10 (17.2) | 1 (2.5) | 4 (5.7) | 15 (21.4) | 37 (11.9) | |
| Siblings | ≤2 | 5 (6.8) | 3 (5.2) | 3 (7.5) | 5 (7.1) | 9 (12.9) | 25 (8.0) |
| age (yr) | 3–5 | 6 (8.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.9) | 13 (18.6) | 21 (6.7) |
| ≥6 | 34 (46.6) | 23 (40.0) | 10 (25.0) | 25 (35.7) | 23 (32.9) | 115 (37.0) | |
| ≤2 and 3–5 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.9) | 3 (1.0) | |
| ≤2 and ≥6 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.4) | 3 (1.0) | |
| 3–5 and ≥6 | 0 (0) | 5 (8.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (2.9) | 8 (2.6) | |
| ≤2 and 3–5 and ≥6 | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Passive smoking | 31 (42.5) | 16 (27.6) | 13 (32.5) | 34 (48.6) | 22 (34.3) | 118 (37.9) | |
|
| |||||||
| Autumn | Winter | Spring | |||||
|
| |||||||
| Antibiotic consumptiona | 141 (45.3) | 132 (42.4) | 105 (33.8) | ||||
| β-Lactam | 73 (23.5) | 76 (24.4) | 61 (19.6) | ||||
| Macrolide | 8 (2.6) | 13 (4.2) | 15 (4.8) | ||||
| Cotrimoxazole | 19 (6.1) | 9 (2.9) | 8 (2.6) | ||||
| β-Lactam and macrolide | 12 (3.8) | 13 (4.2) | 4 (1.3) | ||||
| β-Lactam and cootrimoxazole | 6 (1.9) | 4 (1.3) | 3 (1.0) | ||||
| Macrolide and cotrimoxazole | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | ||||
| β-Lactam and macrolide and cotrimoxazole | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||||
| No data | 14 (4.5) | 12 (3.9) | 8 (2.6) | ||||
| RTIsb | 199 (64.0) | 190 (61.1) | 137 (44.1) | ||||
| Otitis media | 13 (4.2) | 15 (4.8) | 8 (2.6) | ||||
| Pharyngitis | 62 (19.9) | 40 (12.9) | 56 (18.0) | ||||
| Pneumonia | 3 (1.0) | 4 (1.3) | 1 (0.3) | ||||
| Bronchitis | 48 (15.4) | 27 (8.7) | 13 (4.2) | ||||
| Sinusitis | 2 (0.6) | 2 (0.6) | 3 (1.0) | ||||
| Hospitalizationa | 14 (4.5) | 6 (1.9) | 7 (2.3) | ||||
ain previous 2 months before swabbing; bin previous 3 months before swabbing; RTIs: respiratory tract infections; DCC: day care center.