Table 1.
Rates of observed positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) by age in at-risk and control offspring
Offspring’s age in years | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Affect display | < 1 M (SD) |
1 M (SD) |
2 M (SD) |
3 M (SD) |
4 M (SD) |
5 M (SD) |
6 M (SD) |
7 M (SD) |
8 M (SD) |
9 M (SD) |
At-risk offspring | ||||||||||
PA | .10 (.07) | .09 (.08) | .10 (.09) | .24 (.14) | .19 (.12) | .19 (.10) | .22 (.08) | .20 (.09) | .22 (.13) | .21 (.13) |
NA | .06 (.08) | .10 (.13) | .15 (.18) | .08 (.08) | .03 (.04) | .03 (.04) | .04 (.05) | .03 (.04) | .04 (.04) | .04 (.04) |
n | 9 | 27 | 39 | 55 | 41 | 44 | 30 | 33 | 19 | 8 |
Control offspring | ||||||||||
PA | .08 (.03) | .15 (.16) | .18 (.09) | .24 (.12) | .21 (.12) | .22 (.10) | .23 (.12) | .26 (.14) | .28 (.13) | .21 (.13) |
NA | .04 (.01) | .11 (.13) | .10 (.11) | .04 (.04) | .03 (.04) | .03 (.04) | .03 (.05) | .03 (.05) | .02 (.03) | .04 (.04) |
n | 3 | 19 | 32 | 50 | 45 | 44 | 37 | 33 | 19 | 9 |
Note: There were 684 observations from 237 children from 162 families. Mean age during infancy was 11.56 months (SD = 5.37 months). At-risk = maternal history of depressive disorder; control = no maternal history of major psychiatric disorder.