Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study subjects aged 25 years or older by diabetes status
|
Variable |
Diabetes mellitus |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
No |
Yes |
P value |
||
| n or mean | % or SD | nor mean | % or SD | ||
|
n (%) |
511519 |
85.05 |
89922 |
14.95 |
|
| Age (years) |
43.98 |
14.00 |
58.01 |
14.95 |
<0.0001 |
| Sex (men, %) |
253626 |
49.58 |
39950 |
44.43 |
<0.0001 |
| Hypertension (%) |
79292 |
15.50 |
50549 |
56.21 |
<0.0001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) |
105693 |
20.66 |
36273 |
40.34 |
<0.0001 |
| Stroke (%) |
24744 |
4.84 |
18484 |
20.56 |
<0.0001 |
| Nephropathy (%) |
24780 |
4.84 |
15971 |
17.76 |
<0.0001 |
| Ischemic heart disease (%) |
40465 |
7.91 |
28523 |
31.72 |
<0.0001 |
| Peripheral arterial disease (%) |
15732 |
3.08 |
12683 |
14.10 |
<0.0001 |
| Eye disease (%) |
1170 |
0.23 |
8763 |
9.75 |
<0.0001 |
| Obesity (%) |
4180 |
0.82 |
2410 |
2.68 |
<0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) |
51126 |
9.99 |
44973 |
50.01 |
<0.0001 |
| Statin (%) |
19608 |
3.83 |
24481 |
27.22 |
<0.0001 |
| Fibrate (%) |
16084 |
3.14 |
19053 |
21.19 |
<0.0001 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/ Angiotensin receptor blocker (%) |
6904 |
1.35 |
6638 |
7.38 |
<0.0001 |
| Calcium channel blocker (%) |
34889 |
6.82 |
18908 |
21.03 |
<0.0001 |
| Occupation (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
| I |
282985 |
55.32 |
35103 |
39.04 |
<0.0001 |
| II |
82588 |
16.15 |
17037 |
18.95 |
|
| III |
61580 |
12.04 |
19708 |
21.92 |
|
| IV |
84366 |
16.49 |
18074 |
20.10 |
|
| Living region (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
| Taipei |
193494 |
37.83 |
31534 |
35.07 |
<0.0001 |
| Northern |
74045 |
14.48 |
11182 |
12.44 |
|
| Central |
91087 |
17.81 |
15664 |
17.42 |
|
| Southern |
66785 |
13.06 |
14807 |
16.47 |
|
| Kao-Ping/Eastern |
86108 |
16.83 |
16735 |
18.61 |
|
| Panendoscopic examination in 2005 |
8211 |
1.61 |
2834 |
3.15 |
<0.0001 |
| Panendoscopic examination in 1997-2005 |
37759 |
7.38 |
11762 |
13.08 |
<0.0001 |
|
Diabetic patients only |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sulfonylurea (%) |
- |
- |
37211 |
41.38 |
|
| Metformin (%) |
- |
- |
33106 |
36.82 |
|
| Insulin (%) |
- |
- |
6010 |
6.68 |
|
| Acarbose (%) |
- |
- |
6968 |
7.75 |
|
| Pioglitazone (%) |
- |
- |
2329 |
2.59 |
|
| Rosiglitazone (%) | - | - | 6538 | 7.27 | |
Data are expressed as n (%) or mean (SD). *Occupation categories are explained in “Materials and Methods”.