Fig. 5.

TLR4 signaling in γδ T cells promotes expansion and IL-17 production. (A) γδ T cells were sorted from healthy IL-17F–RFP mice, stimulated for 2 d with IL-23, and then analyzed for TLR4 mRNA expression. Dendritic cells and sorted WT and Tlr4^−/− γδ T cells derived from the spleen were used as expression controls. (B) Sorted γδ T cells from healthy WT animals were stimulated with IL-23 0–16 h before the analysis of TLR4 mRNA. (C) Sorted splenic, lymph node, and respiratory γδ T cells derived from healthy WT and Tlr4^−/− mice were stimulated for 5 h with LPS and/or IL-23 before IL-17 and IL-17F mRNA analysis. (D) Cytokine production was examined from the supernatants of sorted γδ T cells stimulated 2 d with LPS and/or IL-23. (E) carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution of sorted γδ T cells stimulated for 2 d with αCD3, LPS, or IL-23 was assessed by flow cytometry. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments; *P < 0.05; Student's t test.