Fig. 3.

Two-dimensional ordination using NMDS (stress, 18.1). Each point (n = 130) represents the fungal endophyte community of an individual tree and colors signify different locations across the Mauna Loa matrix. Labels represent the rainfall (W, wet; D, dry) and elevation (in meters) of the locations. Open shapes signify trees on young substrate; filled shapes signify those on older substrate. Environmental vectors were fit to the centroids (n = 7) of each location in ordination space (rainfall: r² = 0.95, P < 0.01; elevation: r² = 0.93, P < 0.01).